Cardiac adaptation to high altitude in the plateau pika (<i>Ochotona curzoniae</i>)

Pichon, Aurélien; Bai, Zhenzhong; Marchant, Dominique; Jin, Guoen; Voituron, Nicolas; Yun, Hu; Favret, Fabrice; Richalet, Jean‐Paul; Ge, Ri‐Li

doi:10.1002/phy2.32

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results here suggest that high‐altitude deer mice may be more similar to the Andean taxa than first appears, insofar as they may all have evolved in such a way as to blunt or minimize the amplification of the hypoxic chemoreflex that occurs in chronic hypoxia. Some other highland taxa exhibit reduced sympathetic activation in hypoxia or a blunted sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation . Therefore, the seemingly divergent hypoxia responses between highland lineages may simply reflect distinct mechanisms for overcoming the common problem of persistent sympathetic activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of breathing and ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in deer mice native to high altitudes

Ivy

Scott

2017

Acta Physiologica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some other highland taxa exhibit reduced sympathetic activation in hypoxia or a blunted sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation. 9,65,66 Therefore, the seemingly divergent hypoxia responses between highland lineages may simply reflect distinct mechanisms for overcoming the common problem of persistent sympathetic activation.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Control of breathing and ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in deer mice native to high altitudes

Ivy

Scott

2017

Acta Physiologica

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“…The septum was included in the measurement of left ventricle mass (Pichon et al. ). Hereafter, we refer to the combined mass of the left ventricle and septum collectively as left ventricle mass.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptive phenotypic plasticity in cardiac muscle growth is suppressed in high‐altitude deer mice

et al. 2018

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How often phenotypic plasticity acts to promote or inhibit adaptive evolution is an ongoing debate among biologists. Recent work suggests that adaptive phenotypic plasticity promotes evolutionary divergence, though several studies have also suggested that maladaptive plasticity can potentiate adaptation. The role of phenotypic plasticity, adaptive, or maladaptive, in evolutionary divergence remains controversial. We examined the role of plasticity in evolutionary divergence between two species of Peromyscus mice that differ in native elevations. We used cardiac mass as a model phenotype, since ancestral hypoxia-induced responses of the heart may be both adaptive and maladaptive at high-altitude. While left ventricle growth should enhance oxygen delivery to tissues, hypertrophy of the right ventricle can lead to heart failure and death. We compared left-and right-ventricle plasticity in response to hypoxia between captive-bred P. leucopus (representing the ancestral lowland condition) and P. maniculatus from high-altitude. We found that maladaptive ancestral plasticity in right ventricle hypertrophy is reduced in high-altitude deer mice. Analysis of the heart transcriptome suggests that changes in expression of inflammatory signaling genes, particularly interferonregulatory factors, contribute to the suppression of right ventricle hypertrophy. We found weak evidence that adaptive plasticity of left ventricle mass contributes to evolution. Our results suggest that selection to suppress ancestral maladaptive plasticity plays a role in adaptation.

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“…In endemic species that have been living for millions of years at altitude, physiological adaptations are thought to be linked to genetic selection, and are mostly characterized by a low or absent pulmonary hypertension (Tucker and Rhodes, 2001), elevated affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) for O 2 (Storz et al, 2010a(Storz et al, , 2009), higher density of micro-vessels and mitochondria surface area in the heart (Qi et al, 2008), leftventricle hypertrophy that could lead to increased stroke volume (Pichon et al, 2013), and hematocrit (Hct) level that remains within the sea level range (Monge and Leon-Velarde, 1991;Storz et al, 2010b). Contrastingly, some species originating from sea level have high Hct level, drastic pulmonary hypertension or hypertrophy of the heart when exposed to high altitude (Tucker and Rhodes, 2001), illustrating the fact that these species might have a genetic pre-disposition that would interfere with survival at high altitude and present a 'genetic barrier' for colonization of high altitude regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent physiological responses in laboratory rats and mice raised at high altitude

Jochmans-Lemoine

Villalpando

Gonzales

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Ecological studies show that mice can be found at high altitude (HAup to 4000 m) while rats are absent at these altitudes, and there are no data to explain this discrepancy. We used adult laboratory rats and mice that have been raised for more than 30 generations in La Paz, Bolivia (3600 m), and compared their hematocrit levels, right ventricular hypertrophy (index of pulmonary hypertension) and alveolar surface area in the lungs. We also used whole-body plethysmography, indirect calorimetry and pulse oxymetry to measure ventilation, metabolic rate (O 2 consumption and CO 2 production), heart rate and pulse oxymetry oxygen saturation (p O2,sat ) under ambient conditions, and in response to exposure to sea level P O2 (32% O 2 =160 mmHg for 10 min) and hypoxia (18% and 15% O 2 =90 and 75 mmHg for 10 min each). The variables used for comparisons between species were corrected for body mass using standard allometric equations, and are termed mass-corrected variables. Under baseline, compared with rats, adult mice had similar levels of p O2,sat , but lower hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, reduced right ventricular hypertrophy and higher mass-corrected alveolar surface area, tidal volume and metabolic rate. In response to sea level P O2 and hypoxia, mice and rats had similar changes of ventilation, but metabolic rate decreased much more in hypoxia in mice, while p O2,sat remained higher in mice. We conclude that laboratory mice and rats that have been raised at HA for >30 generations have different physiological responses to altitude. These differences might explain the different altitude distribution observed in wild rats and mice.

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Cardiac adaptation to high altitude in the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Control of breathing and ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in deer mice native to high altitudes

Control of breathing and ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in deer mice native to high altitudes

Maladaptive phenotypic plasticity in cardiac muscle growth is suppressed in high‐altitude deer mice

Divergent physiological responses in laboratory rats and mice raised at high altitude

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