Cardiac catheterization in infants weighing less than 1,500 grams

Abstract

Cardiac catheterization in neonates <1,500 g is more likely to include percutaneous intervention, especially on the left side, but is generally successful with a complication rate similar to procedures performed in larger infants. Although these procedures are rare, improved miniaturization of equipment would facilitate safer interventions.

Bailout stenting for critical coarctation in premature/critical/complex/early recoarcted neonates

“…In addition, the time interval to operation and-on echocardiography-the final morphology as well as cw-Doppler profile of the isthmus were recorded. Criteria for a good final result was systolic peak velocity over the arch of 2.5 m/sec on cwDoppler [5]. Complications were classified as major or minor as depicted in previous series [6].…”

“…In patients with primary surgical approach, the stent was removed after 69 months and in patients with primary stent implantation after 2.8 [0. [2][3][4][5] months. Upon inspection, the surgeon never saw any damage to the adventitia caused by the stent.…”

“…However, this treatment can be associated with considerable side effects such as pulmonary overflow, haemodynamic instability with low diastolic blood pressure, increased vulnerability for renal failure, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Other common side effects include apnea, hyperthermia, diarrhea, skin flushing, edema, and cortical hyperostosis [5,8,9]. Prostaglandin E1infusion may only result in incomplete ductal reopening and partial istmal relaxation, leaving insufficient systemic flow for a prolonged time [10].…”

The use of small stents to delay surgical intervention in very young children with critical congenital heart disease

“…(14) Experience in stenting very young and small patients with critical obstructive congenital heart disease is limited and consists mostly of case reports and a few review articles. (5,6,(10)(11)(12)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) The majority reported good immediate results, but limited data on follow-up and final outcomes is available.…”

Successful percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in a preterm infant weighing 1500 g with critical pulmonary valve stenosis

“…[1][2][3] It was first described in 1983 to 1984. 4,5 However, interventional heart catheterisation in low birth weight infants may be achievable, 6,7 but only a few cases of balloon valvuloplasty in infants weighing 1500 g or less are described in the literature 6,8 with an acceptable mortality but still moderate morbidity. Critical pulmonary valve stenosis with suprasystemic right ventricular pressure is an indication for therapeutic intervention to avoid severe right ventricular hypertrophy with involution of the right ventricular volume and continuous intravenous prostaglandin medication.…”