Cardiac imaging after myocardial infarction

Flachskampf, Frank A.; Schmid, Michael; Rost, Christian; Achenbach, Stephan; DeMaria, Anthony N.; Daniel, Werner G.

doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq446

Cited by 113 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Tissue Doppler and strain imaging permit quantification of global and regional function. 53 Intravascular echocardiographic contrast agents have been developed that target specific molecular processes, but these techniques have not yet been applied in the setting of MI. 54 …”

Section: Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

Thygesen¹,

Alpert²,

Jaffe³

et al. 2012

Circulation

2,806

1,104

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Criteria for acute myocardial infarction The term acute myocardial infarction (MI) should be used when there is evidence of myocardial necrosis in a clinical setting consistent with acute myocardial ischemia. Under these conditions any one of the following criteria meets the diagnosis for MI: ● Detection of a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarker values [preferably cardiac troponin (cTn)] with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) and with at least one of the following: y Symptoms of ischemia. y New or presumed new significant ST-segment–T wave (ST–T) changes or new left bundle branch block (LBBB). y Development of pathological Q waves in the ECG. y Imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality. y Identification of an intracoronary thrombus by angiography or autopsy. ● Cardiac death with symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia and presumed new ischemic ECG changes or new LBBB, but death occurred before cardiac biomarkers were obtained, or before cardiac biomarker values would be increased. ● Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related MI is arbitrarily defined by elevation of cTn values (5 99th percentile URL) in patients with normal baseline values (99th percentile URL) or a rise of cTn values 20% if the baseline values are elevated and are stable or falling. In addition, either (i) symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia or (ii) new ischemic ECG changes or (iii) angiographic findings consistent with a procedural complication or (iv) imaging demonstration of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality are required. ● Stent thrombosis associated with MI when detected by coronary angiography or autopsy in the setting of myocardial ischemia and with a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarker values with at least one value above the 99th percentile URL. ● Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) related MI is arbitrarily defined by elevation of cardiac biomarker values (10 99th percentile URL) in patients with normal baseline cTn values (99th percentile URL). In addition, either (i) new pathological Q waves or new LBBB, or (ii) angiographic documented new graft or new native coronary artery occlusion, or (iii) imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality. Criteria for prior myocardial infarction Any one of the following criteria meets the diagnosis for prior MI: ● Pathological Q waves with or without symptoms in the absence of non-ischemic causes. ● Imaging evidence of a region of loss of viable myocardium that is thinned and fails to contract, in the absence of a non-ischemic cause. ● Pathological findings of a prior MI

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Section: Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…53 It is the imaging technique of choice for detecting complications of acute MI, including myocardial free wall rupture, acute ventricular septal defect, and mitral regurgitation secondary to papillary muscle rupture or ischaemia.…”

Section: Applying Imaging In Acute Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

Thygesen¹,

Alpert²,

Jaffe³

et al. 2012

Circulation

2,806

1,104

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“…10 Echocardiography is the most widespread method for determining the degree of ventricular dysfunction following MI and to exclude mechanical complications. 11 Other less common modalities to assess cardiac morphology and function after MI include nuclear imaging (SPECT), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. 11…”

Section: Assessment Of Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction: Clinical Implications and Treatment

Minicucci

Azevedo

Polegato

et al. 2011

Clinical Cardiology

180

134

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Heart failure is a frequent complication of myocardial infarction. Several factors, such as recurrent myocardial ischemia, infarct size, ventricular remodeling, stunned myocardium, mechanical complications, and hibernating myocardium influence the appearance of left ventricular systolic dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Importantly, its presence increases the risk of death by at least 3-to 4-fold. The knowledge of the mechanisms and clinical features are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure after myocardial infarction. Therefore, this review will focus on the clinical implications and treatment of heart failure after myocardial infarction.

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“…Echocardiography is also an important tool for diagnosis of non-ischemic causes of chest pain such as myocarditis, valvular disease, cardiomyopathies, pulmonary embolism or aortic dissection. Furthermore, echocardiography is the method of choice for detection of complications such as ventricular wall rupture or secondary mitral valve regurgitation after papillary muscle rupture or ischemia [18]. Cardiac MRI is not as widely and easily available as echocardiography, but is especially helpful in diagnostic evaluation of myocardial disease.…”

Section: Cardiac Imaging In Diagnosis Of MImentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art diagnosis of myocardial infarction

Vafaie

2016

Diagnosis

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Abstract:The current version of the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) was published in 2012. An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is characterized by evidence of myocardial necrosis in a clinical setting of acute myocardial ischemia. Diagnostic criteria include a rise and/or fall of serially tested cardiac biomarkers (preferentially cardiac troponins) with at least one value above the 99th percentile of the upper reference limit combined with symptoms of ischemia, new changes on electrocardiogram (ECG), imaging evidence of a new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormalities or the identification of an intracoronary thrombus by angiography or autopsy. Compared to previous versions, the current definition of MI includes minor modifications regarding ECG criteria and subtypes of MI as well as the use of cardiac imaging and high sensitivity troponin assays. This article summarizes the Universal MI definition and includes recommendations from the current guidelines for the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Strategies for "early rule-in" and "rule-out" of non-ST-elevation MI with high sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, risk scores for assessment of ischemic and bleeding risk and criteria for optimal timing of angiography are presented.

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Cardiac imaging after myocardial infarction

Cited by 113 publications

References 81 publications

Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction: Clinical Implications and Treatment

State-of-the-art diagnosis of myocardial infarction

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