Cardiac Manifestations of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a serious problem worldwide. Recent advances in the knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and the treatment of HIV infection have improved survival in HIV patients. Because of the longer survival in HIV patients, the more manifestations of late-stage HIV infection will be seen, including HIV-related cardiac diseases. The common cardiac manifestations in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency virus are pericardial effusion, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, endocarditis, pulmonary hypertension, malignant neoplasms, and drug-related cardiotoxicity. This review focuses on these cardiac manifestations in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Cardiac Disease in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Nef in Cells of the Immune System

“…Indeed, left ventricular dysfunction, seen even in asymptomatic HIV-1 carriers, 61 is among the most frequently described cardiac disorders in AIDS. 20,62 The gross and the histological cardiac abnormalities noted in these CD4C/HIV Tg mice are also similar to those observed in HIV-1 infection. Myofibrillar necrosis sometimes accompanied by a myocarditis, or myocarditis alone are commonly observed in human AIDS.…”

The new epidemic of non-communicable disease in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus [Perspective]

“…Researchers and funding bodies should be encouraged to partner and implement quality research studies on emergent NCDs in those settings where disease occurs. 8 Lung cancer Cardiac 9 Coronary artery disease Dyslipidaemia Dilated cardiomyopathy Endocrine 10 Insulin resistance 11 Metabolic syndrome Thyroid disease Hypogonadism Addison's disease Gastrointestinal 12 HIV cholangiopathy Pancreatitis Neurological 13 Antiretroviral toxic neuropathy HIV dementia Minor cognitive motor disorder Musculoskeletal 14 Joint malignancy Osteonecrosis Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy Myositis Opthalmological Uveitis Retinal microvasculopathy HIV = human immunodeficiency virus.…”

Manifestações cardiovasculares em pacientes com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

“…There has been a decrease in heart conditions caused by opportunistic agents, malnutrition and long-term immunosupression 10 . However, there has been an increase in the number of cases of coronary syndromes and peripheral vascular events related both to the increased survival of HIVinfected individuals and to drug toxicity 11,12 .…”