Cardiac myxoma: single tertiary centre experience

Abstract

Background Although cardiac myxoma (CM) are rare and benign, they can cause life-threatening complications, such as hemodynamic disturbances or embolization. Surgical excision of the tumour is the treatment of choice. The aim of the study was to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with CM treated in the largest tertiary care centre in Slovenia. Patients and methods We retrospectively analysed the medical records of all patients referred to our institution between January 2005 and December 2020 and identified 39 consecutive adult patients with pathologically confirmed CM. Results The average annual incidence of CM in the study was 3 per 2 million population per year. Patients were more often female (n = 25, 64%). The mean age at diagnosis was 63.1 ± 13.6 years. Dyspnoea was the most common presenting symptom (31%). CM was an incidental finding in 11 patients (28%). Seven patients presented with thromboembolic event (18%). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed in all patients, however additional imaging was required in 22 patients (56%). All patients in our series were successfully treated surgically without in-hospital mortality. During the follow-up period (6 months to 16 years) three patients (8%) died, and all deaths were unrelated to CM. There was no recurrence of CM during the follow-up. Conclusions Our single-centre study confirms that CM is rare cardiac tumour with diverse clinical presentation. Our data shows data that CM might be more prevalent than considered before. Surgical resection of the tumour is safe with excellent short- and long-term outcomes.

Cardiac Tumors: Review

“…Clinical manifestations vary and are related to the size and location of the tumor. Symptoms of CMs can be related to obstruction (dyspnea, heart murmurs, chest pain), systemic embolization (stroke, myocardial infarction, peripheral embolization), or can be nonspecific (weight loss, fever, fatigue) [ 14 , 15 ] .…”

Case report: Resection of a giant right ventricular myxoma

“…Cardiac myxomas usually arise solitarily in the left atrium (75%), right atrium (10%-20%), and heart ventricle (5%), and most have a size of a few centimeters (5,6). The occurrence of myxoma is approximately 3 per 2 million population, and a right ventricular myxoma with concomitant tricuspid regurgitation is even rarer (7). To the best of our knowledge, only a few myxomas have a size of >110 mm in diameter, let alone locating at a particular anatomical site, the right ventricle, at the same time (8).…”

Modalitas Pencitraan untuk Diagnosis Myxoma Jantung

“…10 Ukuran dan penampilan myxoma jantung sangat bervariasi, dapat mencapai diameter lebih dari 10 cm dan menempati seluruh kamar jantung. 10,11 Pencitraan multimodalitas dipertimbangkan jika myxoma jantung tidak dapat dinilai secara baik dengan TTE, biasanya karena jendela akustik buruk atau presentasi atipikal. 10 Namun, karena keterbatasan bidang pencitraan, TTE tidak dapat memberikan penilaian menyeluruh mengenai struktur jantung kanan, mediastinum, dan ekstrakardiak.…”

“…10 Diagnosis pasti hanya dengan evaluasi histopatologis, yang merupakan standar emas diagnosis myxoma jantung. 11 Ekokardiografi dengan kontras dapat membedakan myxoma dari trombus. Trombus adalah massa nonvaskular, sedangkan myxoma memiliki sedikit pembuluh darah dengan suplai darah rendah.…”