Cardiac output of 10- to 13-year-old boys and girls during submaximal exercise

Bar‐Or, Oded; Shephard, Roy J.; Allen, Christopher

doi:10.1152/jappl.1971.30.2.219

Cited by 81 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The analysis of covariance indicated that these regressions were not significantly different. Figure 4 shows the regression lines of Q on Vo2 for the boys in the present study and the published data for children (BAR-OR et al, 1971;ERICKSSON at al., 1971;GODFREY et al, 1971;RODE and SHEPHARD, 1973;PATERSON and CUNNINGHAM, 1976). None of these previous studies made data on individuals available, and hence no statistical comparison with the regression lines in the Fig.…”

Section: Sv=377+0142 Vo2supporting

confidence: 55%

“…The arterial CO2 pressure was determined from the end-tidal air (BAR-OR et at., 1971). To determine the CO2 content of the blood from the CO2 pressure, the standard CO2 dissociation curve (RooT, 1958) was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to circulatory functions while exercising, it is known that the ° maximal heart rate is higher (ASTRAND and RODAHL, 1970;YOSHIDA and ISHIKO, 1977) and the maximal stroke volume and the maximal cardiac output are lower (YOSHIDA and ISHIKO, 1977) in children than in adults. However, no agreement has been obtained as to whether cardiac output (Q) in children during submaximal exercise is equal to (GODFREY et al, 1971;ZEIDIFARD et at., 1972) or lower (BAR-OR et al, 1971;ERICKSSON et al, 1971;RODE and SHEPHARD, 1973;PATERSON and CUNNINGHAM, 1976) than that in adults at a given oxygen uptake (Vo2). Moreover, many of these studies used values of adults in the literature for a comparison, which in fact should represent a less strict comparison.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Cardiac Output of 10- to 11-year-old Children during Exercise under Different Ambient Temperatures

Katsuura

1985

Journal of Anthropological Society of Nippon

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Cardiac output (Q) was measured by the CO2 rebreathing method in 10 boys and 9 girls. They performed cycle ergometer exercises at 300 and 450kgm/min in ambient temperatures kept at 20, 30, and 40*. For a given oxygen uptake (Vo2), stroke volume (SV) tended to be reduced and heart rate (HR) increased in a 40 * environment in both sexes. Accordingly, Q at 40* was maintained at a level similar to that in cooler conditions. A lower HR and a higher SV at a given Vo2 were shown in boys than in girls. The regression equation of Q on Vo2 in boys was found to be similar to that in girls. The values of Q in relation to Vo2 in the children studied were compared with those in children and adults who had been previously studied. The children in the present study were found to have a Q response that represented roughly an average of those of children described in the literature cited, and to have a lower Q as compared with most adults.

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Section: Sv=377+0142 Vo2supporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Cardiac Output of 10- to 11-year-old Children during Exercise under Different Ambient Temperatures

Katsuura

1985

Journal of Anthropological Society of Nippon

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“…Several investigations have independently been carried out to observe the exercise response in children (SHEPHARD et al, 1969;ANDERSON and GODFREY, 1971;BAR-OR et al, 1971), in young people (HANSON and TABAKIN, 1965;STENBERG et al, 1966;DOUGLAS and BECKLAKE, 1968;EKBLOM et al, 1968;HERMANSEN, 1970;FAULKNER et al, 1971;DIXON and FAULKNER, 1971), and in older subjects (HARTLEY et al, 1969). However, comparative studies of the maximum cardiac output in broad age groups are rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If, however, these methods are attempted during strenous exercise, their use is restricted to a limited type of exercise. As described by BAR-OR et al(1971), the CO, rebreathing technique is a bloodless method, requires neither much cooperative effort of the subject nor close medical supervision, and can be performed in field work. MAGEL and ANDERSEN(1968) also showed the advantages of the CO2 method-it is easily applicable and can be repeated during exercise without blood sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum Cardiac Output Related to Sex and Age

Miyamura

Honda

1973

Jpn.J.Physiol

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Summary Maximum cardiac output (Qmax) was determined for 233 males (aged 9 through 53 years) and 102 females (aged 9 through 20 years) by the carbon dioxide rebreathing technique during bicycle exercise. Maximum cardiac output of the males progressively increased from 12.5 to 22.0 liter/min until age 17 through 18 years and was maintained at this level until age 24 years. From age 25 years a decrease in Qmax to 16.7 liter/min by age 53 years was observed. Qmax of the females increased from a level of 10.5 liter/min at age 9 years to a Qmaximum of 15.5 liter/min at age 18 years, maintaining this level through age 20 years. Male Qmax for comparable ages above 18 years was 30 % higher than female Qmax . Using the average Qmax value of males of 23-24 years as an optimum value, the decrement in Qmax with each year was approximately 0.9 %.The aerobic work capacity (maximum oxygen intake; 102.a.) of humans is known to decrease with increasing years from an optimum age (ROBINSON, 1939;ASTRAND, 1960;. Oxygen intake is strongly related to cardiac output and one of the limitations in oxygen intake must be in the circulatory ability to deliver oxygen to the working muscles. Unfortunately, data regarding the determination of cardiac output at VO2max have previously been reported for only a limited number of subjects representative of a narrow range in ages. Furthermore, data regarding the Qmax of females are limited. Therefore, this study was designed to systematically investigate the effect of increasing age, from 9 through 53 years, on Qmaximum cardiac output for males, and from 9 through 20 years for females. It was anticipated that such a study would define the role played by the cardiac output in the age-related decrease in maximum aerobic capacity and add to knowledge of the progressive increase in aerobic capacity of males and females during the developmental process of puberty.

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Exercise Physiology of Normal Development, Sex Differences, and Aging

Harms

Tanaka

2011

Comprehensive Physiology

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The scientific study of human development has evolved from studies of children to studies of the full lifespan. Many physiological changes occur throughout the lifespan and unique changes occur during normal development compared to healthy aging. An enlarging body of data supports the idea that there exist critical periods of development during which physiological perturbations to the internal milieu (e.g., disease or physical activity) can alter the overall programming of developmental processes. Although different physiological functions decline with age with widely varying rates, the aging changes accumulated throughout the physiological systems reduce the capacity to cope with the stress and maintain homeostasis. The understanding of this process of development and aging is complicated by important physiologic sex differences with regard to nearly all physiological systems. Regular physical activity can favorably modulate this developmental and aging process and can have important health benefits. However, a physically inactive lifestyle can markedly impair normal development and lead to numerous diseases. Life-long physical activity is essential for preserving or delaying the onset of functional disability and chronic cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

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Cardiac output of 10- to 13-year-old boys and girls during submaximal exercise

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

Cardiac Output of 10- to 11-year-old Children during Exercise under Different Ambient Temperatures

Cardiac Output of 10- to 11-year-old Children during Exercise under Different Ambient Temperatures

Maximum Cardiac Output Related to Sex and Age

Exercise Physiology of Normal Development, Sex Differences, and Aging

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