Cardiac-protective effects and the possible mechanisms of alatamine during acute myocardial ischemia

Abstract

Alatamine is a constituent in the extract of a traditional herbal medicine Ramulus euonymi widely used for cardiac protection. However, its precise effects remain unclear. In the present study, we found that alatamine was able to reduce acute myocardial ischemia (AMI)-induced cardiac dysfunction in a rat model, as reflected by significantly restored electrocardiograms, M-mode echocardiograms, and left ventricular hemodynamics. Also, Nagar Olsen staining revealed that alatamine markedly reduced AMI-induced cardiac injury and cardiac myocyte apoptosis. TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay showed that cardiac myocytes underwent significant apoptosis during AMI, and levels of LDH and CK-MB increased in the serum. However, such changes were significantly inhibited by pre-administration of alatamine. Furthermore, such anti-apoptotic effects of alatamine was also confirmed in a cardiac myocyte model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced damage. Mechanistically, it was also found that alatamine improved the expression and activity of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA), which were inhibited during AMI, promoting contractility and relaxation. Meanwhile, alatamine decreased Bax and increased Bcl-2 expressions both in vivo and in vitro, therefore inhibiting cardiac myocyte apoptosis and preventing cardiac dysfunction caused by AMI at the cellular level. The present study revealed the beneficial role of alatamine in cardiac protection and highlighted it as a potential therapeutic reagent for reduction of AMI-induced cardiac injury.

Isoproterenol‐induced cardiac ischemia and fibrosis: Plant‐based approaches for intervention

“…In addition to the abovementioned, multiple other extracts and traditional formulations have been investigated in ISP‐induced cardiotoxicity with promising protective effects (Wong et al, ). Some of these include Rhus tripartita extract (Shahat et al, ), maslinic acid (Hussain Shaik et al, ), isorhapontigenin (Abbas, ), sodium tanshinone IIA sulphonate (Wei et al, ), S‐allyl cysteine sulfoxide (Sangeetha & Quine, ), policosanol (Noa, Herrera, Magraner, & Mas, ), alatamine (Zhao et al, ), timosaponin B II (Deng et al, ), vanillic acid (Prince, Rajakumar, & Dhanasekar, ), icariin (Pan, Wang, Yang, Kong, & Wang, ), danshensu (Li et al, ), Muntingia calabura (Nivethetha, Jayasri, & Brindha, ), and Crataegus oxycantha (Jayalakshmi, Thirupurasundari, & Devaraj, ). A diagrammatic presentation of the main pathways inhibited by various phytoconstituents is presented in Figure .…”

Genistein Improves Barrier Function and Proliferation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells from Preeclampsia Patients

“…Cells were harvested after 4 hours of treatment with or without genistein. So far, genistein is recognized as the only safe and effective natural phytoestrogen with no estrogen-like adverse reactions [17]. However, the ability of genistein to prevent and treat pregnancy-induced hypertension, especially preeclampsia, is unknown.…”

Uncovering the Protective Mechanism of the Volatile Oil of Acorus tatarinowii against Acute Myocardial Ischemia Injury Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

“…In China, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing year after year. Myocardial ischemia (MI), one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases [ 1 , 2 ], is a pathological state characterized by reduced blood perfusion and oxygen supply to the heart. As a metabolic disease, this state leads to abnormal myocardial energy metabolism and disrupts normal heart function.…”