Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Giant Cell Myocarditis: Actually, 2 Ends of the Same Disease?

Birnie, David H.; Nair, Vidhya; Veinot, John P.

doi:10.1161/jaha.121.020542

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There have been several reports of patients possibly having both conditions [ 25 , 26 ]. Biopsy evidence of extracardiac sarcoidosis was reported in 5–10% of patients with a cardiac biopsy suggesting GCM [ 8 , 27 ]. Roberts et al reviewed 113 autopsy patients and concluded that the reported cases of GCM with granulomas outside the heart were more likely to be CS [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roberts et al reviewed 113 autopsy patients and concluded that the reported cases of GCM with granulomas outside the heart were more likely to be CS [ 27 ]. Based on these findings, it was proposed that GCM could be a subtype of sarcoidosis-like disease that only involves the heart [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether CS and GCM are different disease entities or two expressions of a single disorder is still a matter of debate [ 8 ]. Our findings suggest that these are two separate clinical and pathologic entities, with different clinical courses, often needing different intensity of immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether CS and GCM should be considered to be different disease entities or two manifestations of the same disorder is still a matter of debate [ 6 ]. The hypothesis that the disorders can be considered to be two expressions of a single disease continuum has persisted for decades [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis, management, and outcome of cardiac sarcoidosis and giant cell myocarditis: a Swedish single center experience

Bobbio

Hjalmarsson

Björkenstam

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and giant cell myocarditis (GCM) are rare diseases that share some similarities, but also display different clinical and histopathological features. We aimed to compare the demographics, clinical presentation, and outcome of patients diagnosed with CS or GCM. Method We compared the clinical data and outcome of all adult patients with CS (n = 71) or GCM (n = 21) diagnosed at our center between 1991 and 2020. Results The median (interquartile range) follow-up time for patients with CS and GCM was 33.5 [6.5–60.9] and 2.98 [0.6–40.9] months, respectively. In the entire cohort, heart failure (HF) was the most common presenting manifestation (31%), followed by ventricular arrhythmias (25%). At presentation, a left ventricular ejection fraction of < 50% was found in 54% of the CS compared to 86% of the GCM patients (P = 0.014), while corresponding proportions for right ventricular dysfunction were 24% and 52% (P = 0.026), respectively. Advanced HF (NYHA ≥ IIIB) was less common in CS (31%) than in GCM (76%). CS patients displayed significantly lower circulating levels of natriuretic peptides (P < 0.001) and troponins (P = 0.014). Eighteen percent of patients with CS included in the survival analysis reached the composite endpoint of death or heart transplantation (HTx) compared to 68% of patients with GCM (P < 0.001). Conclusion GCM has a more fulminant clinical course than CS with severe biventricular failure, higher levels of circulating biomarkers and an increased need for HTx. The histopathologic diagnosis remained key determinant even after adjustment for markers of cardiac dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis, management, and outcome of cardiac sarcoidosis and giant cell myocarditis: a Swedish single center experience

Bobbio

Hjalmarsson

Björkenstam

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…Although there are a few reports of fulminant cardiac sarcoidosis, the treatment response of our patient could be in favor of GCM than CS. 15,[20][21][22][23] Since the beginning of the COVID-19 disaster, physicians have encountered a variety of clinical manifestations and complications of this disease and it seems that we should expect a stranger behavior of this virus overtime. COVID-19 is associated with a hyperinflammation and activated humoral and cell-mediated immune response in human body, particularly in its severe forms.…”

Section: Cmr Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant Cell Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Successfully Treated by Immunosuppressive Therapy

Amiri¹,

Houshmand

Taghavi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Giant cell myocarditis following COVID‐19 successfully treated by immunosuppressive therapy

Amiri

Houshmand

Taghavi

et al. 2022

Clinical Case Reports

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It has been shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), can lead to multi‐organ impairment including cardiac involvement and immunological problems. Acute myocarditis is one of serious and fatal complications of COVID‐19. In this case report, we present a 46‐year‐old lady with a history of lichen planus dermatitis who has developed a rapidly progressive heart failure after an episode of COVID‐19. The pathologic examination of her endomyocardial biopsy specimens was compatible with GCM, and she was successfully treated with a combined immunosuppressive therapy regimen.

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Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Giant Cell Myocarditis: Actually, 2 Ends of the Same Disease?

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Diagnosis, management, and outcome of cardiac sarcoidosis and giant cell myocarditis: a Swedish single center experience

Diagnosis, management, and outcome of cardiac sarcoidosis and giant cell myocarditis: a Swedish single center experience

Giant Cell Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Successfully Treated by Immunosuppressive Therapy

Giant cell myocarditis following COVID‐19 successfully treated by immunosuppressive therapy

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