Cardiac telocytes exist in the adult <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> heart

Lv, Luocheng; Liao, Zhaofu; Luo, Jian; Chen, Hongyi; Guo, Hongyan; Yang, Jun; Huang, Ruijin; Qin, Pu; Zhao, Hui; Yuan, Ziqiang; Feng, Shanshan; Qi, Xufeng; Cai, Dongqing

doi:10.1111/jcmm.14947

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Interestingly, after 8 days, the damaged TCs were among the first cells to regenerate fully. This quick recovery suggests that TC renewal might be the first essential step in any further fruitful regeneration of the tissue architecture ad integrum [67]. As mentioned earlier, the loss of TCs is an important pathogenetic moment in the development of myocardial infarction.…”

Section: Cardiac Telocytes In Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine-recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Cardiac Telocytes 16 Years on—What Have We Learned So Far, and How Close Are We to Routine Application of the Knowledge in Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine?

Klein

Csöbönyeiová

Žiaran

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The regeneration of a diseased heart is one of the principal challenges of modern cardiovascular medicine. There has been ongoing research on stem-cell-based therapeutic approaches. A cell population called telocytes (TCs) described only 16 years ago largely contributed to the research area of cardiovascular regeneration. TCs are cells with small bodies and extremely long cytoplasmic projections called telopodes, described in all layers of the heart wall. Their functions include cell-to-cell signaling, stem-cell nursing, mechanical support, and immunoregulation, to name but a few. The functional derangement or quantitative loss of TCs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, and many other conditions. The exact pathomechanisms are still unknown, but the loss of regulative, integrative, and nursing functions of TCs may provide important clues. Therefore, a viable avenue in the future modern management of these conditions is TC-based cell therapy. TCs have been previously transplanted into a mouse model of myocardial infarction with promising results. Tandem transplantation with stem cells may provide additional benefit; however, many underresearched areas need to be addressed in future research before routine application of TC-based cell therapy in human subjects. These include the standardization of protocols for isolation, cultivation, and transplantation, quantitative optimization of TC transplants, cost-effectivity analysis, and many others.

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Section: Cardiac Telocytes In Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine-recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Cardiac Telocytes 16 Years on—What Have We Learned So Far, and How Close Are We to Routine Application of the Knowledge in Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine?

Klein

Csöbönyeiová

Žiaran

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…TCs are in close contact with pacemaker cells and contractile CMC (Bychkov et al, 2022;Mitrofanova et al, 2018). It is suggested that CMC within a trabecula and across trabeculae (Lv et al, 2020). TCs may play a role in the process of cardiac tissue regeneration and repair via mature CMC proliferation in the amphibian heart (Popescu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the lower animals, our previous study in the myocardium of Caudata amphibian Chinese giant salamander ( Andrias davidianus ) demonstrated that cardiac TCs were located in the interstitium between CMC (Ge et al., 2019). In another amphibian adult cardiac wall of Xenopus tropicalis , cardiac TCs were present in the myocardium (Lv et al., 2020). Cardiac TCs were mainly twined around the surface of CMC trabeculae and linked via nanocontacts between the ends of the Tps, forming a 3D network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac TCs and their networks serve as structural supports to maintain and promote the integrity of the myocardium under physiopathological conditions. Cardiac TCs are involved in CMC communication and functional support of CMC within a trabecula and across trabeculae (Lv et al., 2020). TCs may play a role in the process of cardiac tissue regeneration and repair via mature CMC proliferation in the amphibian heart (Popescu et al., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural characteristics and morphological relationships of cardiomyocytes and telocytes in the myocardium of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

Wang,

Xu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Anat Histol Embryol

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Telocytes (TCs) are distinctive interstitial cells due to their characteristic structures and heterogeneity. They are suggested to participate in tissue repair/regeneration. TCs have been identified in many organs of various mammals. However, data on TCs in lower animals are still very limited. In this work, TCs were identified in the myocardium of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structural relationships between TCs and neighbouring cell types were measured using the ImageJ (FiJi) morphometric software. TCs with slender Tps (telepodes) were located around cardiomyocytes (CMC). TEM revealed TCs with long Tps in the stroma between CMC. The homocellular tight junctions were observed between the Tps. The Tps were also very close to the neighbouring CMC. The distance between Tps and CMC was 0.15 ± 0.08 μm. Notably, Tps were observed to adhere to the periphery of the satellite cells. The Tps and the satellite cells established heterocellular structural connections by tight junctions. Additionally, Tps were frequently observed in close proximity to mast cells (MCs). The distance between the Tps and the MCs was 0.19 ± 0.09 μm. These results confirmed that TCs are present in the myocardium of the bullfrog, and that TCs established structural relationships with neighbouring cell types, including satellite cells and MCs. These findings provide the anatomical evidence to support the note that TCs are involved in tissue regeneration.

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“…This finding may point to the vital role of TCs in the initiation, progression, and maintenance of cardiac regeneration. Based on such findings, it can be hypothesized that TCs may lay the regenerative foundation in terms of providing a necessary mechanical and functional base for other cells to actualize their regenerative capabilities [ 157 ]. Perhaps, the most suitable way is to see TCs not as yet another alternative cell population with regenerative potential, but as a prerequisite for the orchestration of the whole process.…”

Section: Cell-based Therapies For MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-Based and Selected Cell-Free Therapies for Myocardial Infarction: How Do They Compare to the Current Treatment Options?

Csöbönyeiová

Beerová

Klein

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Because of cardiomyocyte death or dysfunction frequently caused by myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in modern society. Paradoxically, only limited and non-curative therapies for heart failure or MI are currently available. As a result, over the past two decades research has focused on developing cell-based approaches promoting the regeneration of infarcted tissue. Cell-based therapies for myocardial regeneration include powerful candidates, such as multipotent stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bone-marrow-derived stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and hematopoietic stem cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These possess unique properties, such as potency to differentiate into desired cell types, proliferation capacity, and patient specificity. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated modest improvement in the myocardial regeneration and reduced infarcted areas upon transplantation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells. Another cell population that need to be considered as a potential source for cardiac regeneration are telocytes found in different organs, including the heart. Their therapeutic effect has been studied in various heart pathologies, such as MI, arrhythmias, or atrial amyloidosis. The most recent cell-free therapeutic tool relies on the cardioprotective effect of complex cargo carried by small membrane-bound vesicles—exosomes—released from stem cells via exocytosis. The MSC/iPSC-derived exosomes could be considered a novel exosome-based therapy for cardiovascular diseases thanks to their unique content. There are also other cell-free approaches, e.g., gene therapy, or acellular cardiac patches. Therefore, our review provides the most recent insights into the novel strategies for myocardial repair based on the regenerative potential of different cell types and cell-free approaches.

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Cardiac telocytes exist in the adult Xenopus tropicalis heart

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Cardiac Telocytes 16 Years on—What Have We Learned So Far, and How Close Are We to Routine Application of the Knowledge in Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine?

Cardiac Telocytes 16 Years on—What Have We Learned So Far, and How Close Are We to Routine Application of the Knowledge in Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine?

Ultrastructural characteristics and morphological relationships of cardiomyocytes and telocytes in the myocardium of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

Cell-Based and Selected Cell-Free Therapies for Myocardial Infarction: How Do They Compare to the Current Treatment Options?

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