Cardio-Oncology

Abstract

Through the success of basic and disease-specific research, cancer survivors are one of the largest growing subsets of individuals accessing the healthcare system. Interestingly, cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors after recurrent malignancy. This recognition has helped stimulate a collaboration between oncology and cardiology practitioners and researchers, and the portmanteau cardio-oncology (also known as onco-cardiology) can now be found in many medical centers. This collaboration promises new insights into how cancer therapies impact cardiovascular homeostasis and long-term effects on cancer survivors. In this review, we will discuss the most recent views on the cardiotoxicity related to various classes of chemotherapy agents and radiation. We will also discuss broadly the current strategies for treating and preventing cardiovascular effects of cancer therapy.

Effects of ranolazine in a model of doxorubicin‐induced left ventricle diastolic dysfunction

“…The evidence of an early functional disorder was supported by the rise in plasma BNP, immediately after doxorubicin treatment. BNP has been used not only as a biomarker for the diagnosis of HF, but also to detect asymptomatic LV dysfunction and to predict the prognosis (Minotti, 2013;Ishigaki et al, 2015;Lenneman and Sawyer, 2016). In doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and diastolic dysfunction related to other pathologies, increased oxidative stress and intracellular Ca 2+ dysregulation are commonly present and closely interconnected (Octavia et al, 2012;Paulus and Tschöpe, 2013).…”

“…No differences were found in other parameters (E, E 0 and A 0 waves and E 0 /A 0 ratio) between the groups (Figure 2B,C). Because changes in cardiovascular biomarkers, such as natriuretic peptides, can have a prognostic value for the development of HF in asymptomatic patients with normal EF (Minotti, 2013;Lenneman and Sawyer, 2016), the levels of circulating BNP were evaluated. As a confirmation of diastolic dysfunction at this stage, increased plasma levels of BNP were found after doxorubicin treatment ( Figure 2D).…”

Teaching the basics of cancer metabolism: Developing antitumor strategies by exploiting the differences between normal and cancer cell metabolism

“…Current chemotherapies often are associated with acute and delayed toxic side effects [12], [13]. Most conventional chemotherapeutic drugs are potently cytotoxic to cancer cells and normal cells, although newer targeted therapies exhibit a higher therapeutic index (increased chemotherapeutic efficacy and decreased side effects).…”

Modulation of caveolins, integrins and plasma membrane repair proteins in anthracycline-induced heart failure in rabbits

“…Understanding the wide-range of side effects of cancer therapeutics including cardiotoxicity is essential to optimize therapy and to improve disease and treatment-related survival [2]. Anthracyclines, such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin, are important components of chemotherapy protocols that have been used for over fifty years.…”