Cardiocrinum seeds as a replacement for Aristolochia fruits in treating cough

Li, Ming; Ling, Ka-Ho; Lam, Hilary; Shaw, Pang‐Chui; Cheng, Ling; Techen, Natascha; Khan, lkhlas A.; Chang, Yuan‐Shiun; But, Paul Pui‐Hay

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.040

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In China, Cardiocrinum species are locally used as medicinal plants and food sources. For example, Cardiocrinum seeds have been proven to be a potential herbal replacement for Aristolochia fruits in treating cough (Li et al, 2010); and the starchy bulbs of C. giganteum are the staple food of local people in Guangxi and Yunnan (Li, 1997). The great economic value of Cardiocrinum species has brought about overexploitation and habitat fragmentation/isolation of their natural populations (Li et al, 2012), which might decrease not only population size but also genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Cardiocrinum (Liliaceae) Species: Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses

2017

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The genus Cardiocrinum (Endlicher) Lindley (Liliaceae) comprises three herbaceous perennial species that are distributed in East Asian temperate-deciduous forests. Although all three Cardiocrinum species have horticultural and medical uses, studies related to species identification and molecular phylogenetic analysis of this genus have not been reported. Here, we report the complete chloroplast (cp) sequences of each Cardiocrinum species using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. The cp genomes of C. giganteum, C. cathayanum, and C. cordatum were found to be 152,653, 152,415, and 152,410 bp in length, respectively, including a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (26,364–26,500 bp) separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region (82,186–82,368 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC) region (17,309–17,344 bp). Each cp genome contained the same 112 unique genes consisting of 30 transfer RNA genes, 4 ribosomal RNA genes, and 78 protein-coding genes. Gene content, gene order, AT content, and IR/SC boundary structures were almost the same among the three Cardiocrinum cp genomes, yet their lengths varied due to contraction/expansion of the IR/SC borders. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis further indicated the richest SSRs in these cp genomes to be A/T mononucleotides. A total of 45, 57, and 45 repeats were identified in C. giganteum, C. cathayanum, and C. cordatum, respectively. Six cpDNA markers (rps19, rpoC2-rpoC1, trnS-psbZ, trnM-atpE, psaC-ndhE, ycf15-ycf1) with the percentage of variable sites higher than 0.95% were identified. Phylogenomic analyses of the complete cp genomes and 74 protein-coding genes strongly supported the monophyly of Cardiocrinum and a sister relationship between C. cathayanum and C. cordatum. The availability of these cp genomes provides valuable genetic information for further population genetics and phylogeography studies on Cardiocrinum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Cardiocrinum (Liliaceae) Species: Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses

2017

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“…In a recent study, trnL-F has also been used to separate Cardiocrinum giganteum from its variant C. giganteum var. yunnanense and their closely related species [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of seven DNA barcodes for differentiating closely related medicinal Gentiana species and their adulterants

2013

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BackgroundSpecies identification of living organisms by standard DNA sequences has been well-accepted. Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) recommends chloroplast regions rbcL and matK as the DNA barcodes for the land plants. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and limitations of rbcL, matK, and 5 other commonly used regions as the DNA barcodes for the medicinal Gentiana and their adulterants, Gentiana. rhodantha and Podophyllum hexandrum.MethodsThe species differentiation power of rbcL, matK, nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5S rRNA intergenic spacer, and chloroplast trnH-psbA, trnL-F and rpl36-rps8 intergenic spacers were tested in different medicinal Gentiana, including Gentiana scabra, Gentiana triflora, Gentiana manshurica and Gentiana rigescens, from common adulterants such as Gentiana rhodantha and Podophyllum hexandrum (a toxic herb producing podophyllotoxin).ResultsAll seven tested loci could be used to differentiate medicinal Gentiana species from their adulterants, and to distinguish Guanlongdan from Jianlongdan. In terms of general differentiation powers, rbcL and matK had no significant advantages over the other five loci. Only the 5S rRNA and trnL-F intergenic spacers were able to discriminate the closely related species G. triflora, G. scabra and G. manshurica.ConclusionThe DNA barcodes rbcL and matK are useful in differentiation of closely related medicinal species of Gentiana, but had no significant advantages over the other five tested loci.

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“…In addition to the standard DNA barcodes, the chloroplast trnL-F intergenic spacer has been used to identify herbal medicinal materials with satisfactory results (Li et al, 2010(Li et al, , 2011. However, the ability of the intergenic spacer to discriminate between species may be moderate in other cases.…”

Section: Applicability Of the Candidate Chloroplast Dna Barcodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of DNA barcoding for the identification of Salvia based on cpDNA and nrDNA sequences

Wang

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2013

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Cardiocrinum seeds as a replacement for Aristolochia fruits in treating cough

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Cardiocrinum (Liliaceae) Species: Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Cardiocrinum (Liliaceae) Species: Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses

Evaluation of seven DNA barcodes for differentiating closely related medicinal Gentiana species and their adulterants

Potential use of DNA barcoding for the identification of Salvia based on cpDNA and nrDNA sequences

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