2017
DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308407
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Cardioembolic Stroke

Abstract: Cardiac embolism accounts for an increasing proportion of ischemic strokes, and might multiply several-fold over the next decades. However, research points to several potential strategies to stem this expected rise in cardioembolic stroke. First, although one-third of strokes are of unclear cause, it is increasingly accepted that many of these cryptogenic strokes arise from a distant embolism rather than in-situ cerebrovascular disease, leading to the recent formulation of “embolic stroke of undetermined sourc… Show more

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Cited by 335 publications
(294 citation statements)
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References 165 publications
(175 reference statements)
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“…Therefore, the present findings suggest that the effect of increased SVEBs on ischaemic stroke may partly occur through a gradual increase in these subclinical cerebrovascular disease burdens. The present findings also emphasize the concept that an increased SVEB is considered a marker of atrial disease or atherosclerosis burden and indicate that increased SVEBs might improve risk stratification of individuals at high risk of subclinical cerebrovascular disease and consequently apparent ischaemic stroke. The advantage of using SVEBs as a novel method for detecting the association with ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases would be that SVEBs are more frequent than episodes of AF.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 67%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Therefore, the present findings suggest that the effect of increased SVEBs on ischaemic stroke may partly occur through a gradual increase in these subclinical cerebrovascular disease burdens. The present findings also emphasize the concept that an increased SVEB is considered a marker of atrial disease or atherosclerosis burden and indicate that increased SVEBs might improve risk stratification of individuals at high risk of subclinical cerebrovascular disease and consequently apparent ischaemic stroke. The advantage of using SVEBs as a novel method for detecting the association with ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases would be that SVEBs are more frequent than episodes of AF.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Increased SVEBs might represent an atrial cardiomyopathic change that forms an atrial hypercoagulable state resulting in cardioembolism, which is similar to that present in AF [6][7][8]. Increased SVEBs are also accompanied by several risk factors for atherosclerosis [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is increasingly recognized that AF is a marker of abnormal left atrial (LA) function, i.e. an 'atrial myopathy' or 'abnormal atrial substrate', that contributes to thrombus formation even in sinus rhythm [5,6]. This further explains the lack of temporal relationship between periods of AF and CE stroke Correspondence: L. Thomas, Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia (tel.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…29 Therefore, it is important to perform a comprehensive and targeted diagnostic workup in ESUS that may include transoesophageal echocardiography exam to uncover additional cardioembolic sources of embolism (mitral annular calcification, aortic valve stenosis or calcification, atrial appendage stasis, patent foramen ovale, left ventricle dysfunction, myxoma, infective endocarditis), aortic arch atherosclerosis, cancer-related stroke (hypercoagulability syndrome, marantic endocarditis), as well as high resolution vessel wall imaging that may disclose nonstenotic, unstable, high-risk atherosclerotic plaques in extra-and intracranial arteries, or alternatively branch atheromatous disease. 11,12,[29][30][31] Interestingly, nonstenotic carotid plaques with 3 mm thickness were more prevalent ipsilateral than contralateral to the location of cerebral infarction in ESUS patients. 32 Furthermore, the ESUS Global Registry reported a prevalence of nonstenotic carotid artery plaques and aortic arch atherosclerosis of 79 and of 28%, respectively.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%