Cardiometabolic and Fitness Improvements in Obese Girls Who Either Gained or Lost Weight during Treatment

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the quality of weight change (change in fat mass vs. fat-free mass [FFM]), changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and frequencies of metabolic risk factors in adolescent females with obesity that either lost weight or gained weight following lifestyle treatment. Study design Fifty-eight girls (mean age = 13.0 ± 1.6 yrs; 77% black; mean body mass index (BMI) = 36.5 ± 4.5 kg/m2) completed a 6-month lifestyle intervention combining dietary and behavioral counseling with aerobic and resistance exercise training. We examined baseline to 6-month differences in weight (kg), body composition, CRF, and frequencies of metabolic risk factors between weight loss and weight gain groups. Results In the weight loss group, body weight (-4.50 ± 3.53 kg, p < 0.001), fat mass (-4.50 ± 2.20 kg, p < 0.001), and body fat percentage ([BF%] -2.97% ± 1.45%, p < 0.001) decreased, and FFM was unchanged at 6 months. In the weight gain group, body weight (4.50 ± 2.20 kg, p < 0.001), fat mass (1.52 ± 3.16 kg, p < 0.024), and FFM (2.99 ± 2.45 kg, p < 0.001) increased, and BF% was unchanged. Both groups improved CRF (p < 0.05). Frequencies of metabolic risk factors were reduced across all participants after the 6-month treatment. Conclusion Participation in a weight management program might elicit health improvements in obese adolescent females who increase weight and fat mass, provided that FFM gains are sufficient to negate increases in body fat percentage.

Neutral Effect of Increased Dairy Product Intake, as Part of a Lifestyle Modification Program, on Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescent Girls With Overweight/Obesity: A Secondary Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…In the present investigation, the lack of improvement in indices of cardiometabolic health may be related to the lack of overall weight loss, despite improvements in adiposity in both groups. This notion is corroborated by previous research in youth with OB (52,53) and could be further explored in the context of weight loss and dairy consumption.…”

Hiit, Resistance Training, and Risk Factors in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

“…Alberga et al (2012) 26 Alberga et al (2015) 27 Antunes et al (2013) 28 Antunes et al (2015) 29 Bell et al (2007) 30 Browning et al (2015) 31 Bruyndonckx et al (2015) 32 Campos et al (2014) 33 Dâmaso et al (2014) 12 Davis et al (2011) 34 Foschini et al (2010) 35 Gow et al (2016) 36 Inoue et al (2015) 37 Mello et al (2011) 38 Mendelson et al (2015) 39 Monteiro et al (2015) 40 Piano et al (2012) 41 Sigal et al (2014) 42 Son et al (2017) 43 Calcaterra et al (2013) 44 Prescription of sports activities only Reinehr et al (2011) 45 Carrel et al (2005) 46 Resistance training and sports activities 48 Gueugnon et al (2012) 49 Huang et al (2015) 50 Kamal & Ragy. (2012) 51 Kelishadi et al (2008) 52 Knox et al (2012) 53 Mccormack et al (2014) 54 Vrablík et al (2014) 55 -n = 26 non-active male adolescents who did not participate in structured physical activities (16.0 ± 1.0 years) -They were randomized into five groups (HIIT + TR, HIIT + TR, HIIT + TR, HIIT + TR, and HIIT + TR).…”

Behavioral intervention in the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents: implications for Mexico

“…41 A recent study similarly demonstrated improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 peak) and decreases in low-density lipoprotein and fasting glucose among successful participants in a behavioral weight control program. 42 …”