Cardioprotective effects of high‐intensity interval training are mediated through microRNA regulation of mitochondrial and oxidative stress pathways

Abstract

Human studies have shown high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has beneficial cardiovascular effects and is typically more time‐efficient compared with traditional endurance exercise. The main goal of this study is to show the potential molecular and functional cardiovascular benefits of HIIT compared with endurance training (ET). Three groups of mice were used including sedentary‐control, ET mice, and HIIT mice groups. Results indicated ejection fraction was increased in HIIT compared with ET while fractional shortening was increased in the HIIT group compared with both groups. Blood flow of the abdominal aorta was increased in both exercise groups compared with control. Increases in cross‐sectional area and mitochondrial and antioxidative markers in HIIT compared with control were observed, along with several microRNAs. These findings indicate HIIT has specific cardiac‐protective effects and may be a viable alternative to traditional ET as a cardiovascular preventative medicine intervention.

Haemodynamic, hormonal and renal actions of osteocrin in normal sheep

“…Cardiac expression of OSTN is controversial (Schafer et al, 2018;Szaroszyk et al, 2022) but might be dependent on stress or overload, as evidenced by the impact of high-intensity interval training (Jeremic et al, 2020) or preconditioning (Harris et al, 2023). Similar findings might underlie the regulation of OSTN in skeletal muscle (Kang et al, 2024;Subbotina et al, 2015) and in adipocytes in obesity (Choi et al, 2023;Nishizawa et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2020).…”

Novel prevention insights into depletion of oxidative stress status through regular exercise and grape seed effective substance in heart ischemia rat model

“…Notably, Jeremic et al. ( 2020 ) suggested that MAPK signaling pathways might be activated by exercise training and increase mitochondrial biogenesis and function. These data were in line with our artificial intelligence data, which showed that MAPK could be a pivotal modulator in oxidative stress and dynamic mitochondrial networks.…”

Superior cardiometabolic and cellular adaptive responses to multiple versus single daily sessions of high-intensity interval training in Wistar rats

“…The current study revealed that cardiac and skeletal muscles of 1 × and 3 × HIIT rats had similar increases in the density of normal mitochondria and decreases in the density of altered mitochondria. Recent studies have demonstrated that a HIIT protocol is superior to a MICT protocol in increasing Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1alpha expression in the skeletal muscle 23 and heart 24 of rodents. Although PGC-1alpha is recognized as a key intracellular protein of mitochondrial biogenesis activation 25 , an increase in its expression does not necessarily induce an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis.…”