Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Intensive Care Unit and Non—Intensive Care Unit Patients

Abstract

Futile resuscitative efforts are routinely performed in part because physicians and patients are unaware of outcome results and factors that influence survival. A wider recognition of the limitations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation should lead to advanced directives that reflect this awareness, with substantially more patients choosing not to have cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Study of Pre-Hospital Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Outcomes and Relevant Factors in Ardabil City between 2012 and 2013

“…The successful CPR rate in other studies are as follow: 28.1% in Kermanshah (Saifi et al, 2010b), 29.3% in Shohadaye Haftom Tir, Tehran , 28.4% in selected educational centers of Tehran (Salari & Mohammadnejad, 2010), 19.9% in educational centers of Kashan (Ebell et al, 1998), 32% in Social Security emergency hospitals of Alborz Province (Nasiripour, Masoudi, & Fathi, 2012), 39.7% in Brazil (Moretti et al, 2007), 10.6% in Kermanshah (Goodarzi et al, 2015). One study showed that in critical ward, the rate of successful CPR was 3.3% (Jaberi, Changizian, & Mazlomzadeh, 2011;Karetzky, Zubair, & Parikh, 1995) and in other ward, this rate vary from 13% to 33% (Abella et al, 2005;Brindley et al, 2002;Taffet, Teasdale, & Luchi, 1988), also the successful CPR reported from 8% to 16% in some other studies (Karetzky et al, 1995). In Goodarzis study which was conducted in hospital, The ultimate success rate of resuscitation was 10.6%, and at six-month follow-up survey data on patients after discharge, the long-term success rate of the resuscitation was as 8.87% (Goodarzi et al, 2015).…”

Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Who Received Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

“…Patients who had CPA and received CPR despite pressors were half as likely to survive hospitalization and less likely to have favorable neurological outcomes (3.3 vs. 7.0%). In many hospitals, CPR is provided to critically ill patients, including those in shock, often without patients' consent and based on small case series (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

“…Small single-center studies of CPR in the critically ill have demonstrated survival rates ranging from 0 to 47% (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). We hypothesized that patients who experience CPA despite administration of medications used to treat hypotension (pressors) are highly unlikely to respond to CPR.…”

Intensive Care, Old Age, and the Problem of Death in America

“…Yet the mortality rate range reflected in various studies does not consider survival following CPR in the ICU. In one recent study, only 3% of ICU patients survived the procedure (Karetzky, Zubair, & Parikh, 1995).…”