Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Smoking Status, and Risk of Incidence and Mortality From Cancer: Findings From the Veterans Exercise Testing Study

Abstract

Background: To assess the joint and stratified associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), incidence, and mortality from cancer in never, former, and current male smokers. Methods: CRF (treadmill exercise test) was assessed in 4694 men (never smokers [n = 1715]; former smokers [n = 1602], 32.4 [30.5] pack-years; and current smokers [n = 1377], 40.3 [26] pack-years) aged 58.1 (17.3) years, and prospectively followed for 12.7 (7.5) years. Multivariable Cox hazard models were analyzed. Results: In joint analyses, where high CRF in never smokers was used as a reference, hazard ratios and 95% (confidence intervals) for cancer incidence and cancer mortality were as follows: moderate CRF 1.41 (1.0-1.9) and 3.0 (1.7-5.5) in never smokers, 1.65 (1.3-2.2) and 3.7 (2.1-6.6) in former smokers, and 1.3 (0.9-1.7) and 3.4 (1.9-6.1) in current smokers, respectively. The corresponding values for low CRF were 1.53 (1.1-2.2) and 5.1 (2.7-9.5), 1.84 (1.3-2.5) and 6.6 (3.7-11.8), and 1.5 (1.1-2.2) and 5 (2.7-9.3), respectively. In stratified analyses by smoking status, compared with low CRF, moderate and high CRF were associated with a 32% to 78% reduction in cancer mortality risk (P trend for all <.001). Conclusion: Higher CRF is associated with lower risk of incidence and mortality from cancer regardless of smoking status, supporting the potential preventive benefits for public health.

Professores De Educação Física Em Situações De Primeiros Socorros No Âmbito Escolar

“…Isso resulta em um estilo de vida mais saudável, identificado por benefícios como: redução de problemas psicológicos, melhoria da qualidade de vida, prevenção e recuperação de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e infeccionas, melhora do funcionamento do metabolismo e da saúde de maneira geral (AXSOM; LIBONATI, 2019; BEKHET et al, 2019;DAVIS et al, 2019;LORA-POZO, 2019;SPEER et al, 2019;VAINSHELBOIM et al, 2019;WANG et al, 2019;BREDIN, 2019).…”

Current State of Pediatric Cardio-Oncology: A Review

“…In addition, the incidence of medical frailty, as defined by five domains (walking limitations, low energy, exhaustion, low lean mass, and weakness) is significantly higher in survivors of pediatric cancer than in sibling controls [ 81 ]. Structured exercise demonstrates improvement in mortality, cancer progression, cancer recurrence, health-related quality of life, cardiovascular risk factors, and frailty in a dose-dependent manner [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ]. Routine exercise in adults has been shown to improve cardiovascular function, immune function, body composition, chemotherapy completion rates, and reported markers of mental health.…”

Ciclo Menstrual E O Exercício Físico

“…ABSTRACT:A palavra "paraolímpico" advém da junção entre o prefixo grego -para -que significa paraplegia, mais o adjetivo olímpico, relativo às olimpíadas. Logo, o termo paraolímpico teria sua conotação voltada àqueles -em grau de paraplegia -que disputam os jogos; contudo, a etimologia da palavra se estendeu aos mais diversos tipos de pessoas com deficiência e se tornou -assim como nos jogos olímpicos -o principal evento esportivo do paradesporto.Desse modo, a prática do desporto, em sua essência, está relacionada a diversos benefícios; entre eles: redução de problemas psicológicos, melhora do humor, do sono, da autoestima e da qualidade de vida; melhora do rendimento escolar e da cognição; prevenção e recuperação de doenças; melhora da aptidão cardiorrespiratória; melhora do funcionamento do metabolismo e na saúde de maneira geral, a se apontar a redução do estresse e melhoria da resiliência (AXSOM;LIBONATI, 2019;BEKHET et al, 2019;BISPO, 2020;DAVIS et al, 2019;LORA-POZO et al, 2019;SPEER et al, 2019;VAINSHELBOIM …”