Cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart size (VHS) to standardize the heart size of the tufted capuchin (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758) in computerized radiographic images

Abstract

RESUMO.-[Índice cardiotorácico e vertebral heart size (VHS) para a padronização do tamanho cardíaco do macaco-prego (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758) em imagens radiográficas computadorizadas.] Para a avaliação do VHS e ICT foram utilizadas radiografias toráci-cas computadorizadas de 10 macacos-prego (05 machos e 05 fêmeas) clinicamente saudáveis, oriundos do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de São Luís-MA-CETAS. Foram tomadas radiografias em projeções laterolaterais e dorsoventrais, para cálculo do Vertebral Heart Scale (VHS) e Índice Cardiotorácico (ICT). O VHS evidenciou valores médios de 9,34±0,32v (machos) e 9,16±0,34v (fê-meas), não ocorrendo diferença estatística entre machos e fêmeas (p>0,05). O ICT evidenciou valores médios de 0,55±0,04 (machos) e de 0,52±0,03 (fêmeas), não sendo verificada diferença estatística entre sexos (p>0,05). Verificou-se correlação positiva entre VHS e ICT (r=0,78). Os diâmetros torácico e cardíaco demonstraram valores médios de 5,70±0,48cm e 3,16±0,40cm nos machos, The VHS and CTR were assessed using computerized thoracic radiographs of ten clinically healthy tufted capuchin monkeys (five males and five females) from the Wild Animal Screening Center in São Luís (Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de São Luís-MA--CETAS). Radiographs were taken in laterolateral and dorsoventral projections to calculate the cardiothoracic ratio (VHS) and vertebral heart size (CTR). The VHS showed mean values of 9.34±0.32v (males) and 9.16±0.34v (females) and there was no statistical difference between males and females (p>0.05). The CTR showed mean values of 0.55±0.04 (males) and 0.52±0.03 (females) and there was no statistical difference between the sexes (p>0.05). There was positive correlation between VHS and CTR (r=0.78). The thoracic and heart diameters showed mean values of 5.70±0.48cm and 2.16±0.40cm in the males, respectively. In the females they measured 5.32±0.39cm and 2.94±0.32cm. There was no statistical difference between the sexes. Our results show that the high correlation found between VHS and CTR permitted the verification with similar clinical precision between the two methods to estimate alterations in the heart silhouette by radiographic examination of tufted capuchin, making it an easy technique to apply that can be considered in the investigation of heart problems for this wild species.

Heart anatomy and topography of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus Linnaeus, 1758)

“…The topographical location of the heart according to the animals’ ribs, in spite of the variation among individuals, was similar to that found in primates Cebus apella where the heart silhouette was found between the third and fifth intercostal space and was close to that observed in T tetradactyla , where the base was at the height of the third rib and the apex at the height of the sixth rib. However, it was different from that found for C apella where the heart was located between the first and fifth intercostal spaces.…”

Assessment of the vertebral heart scale and cardiothoracic ratio to standardize the heart size of collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) restrained with ketamine and midazolam

“…In the collared peccary, no significant statistical difference was observed between males and females for the CTR, a characteristic also observed in tonkeana and cylopis monkeys by Schillaci et al (2009), and capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) by Rocha-Neto et al (2015) and in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) by Moura et al (2015). These results are probably due to behavioral characteristics in captivity, both for males and females; there were no marked differences in the cardio-hemodynamic profile in this wild species, and thus there was close conformation of the cardiac silhouette between the genders.…”

Heart Measurements of Non-Human Primates by Radiographic Techniques

“…In their study, Alves et al (12) , reported HSV values in Cebus apella to be around 9.7, while Rocha-Neto et al (8) , also recorded CTR values (0.55 +/-0.04); the animals used also showed similarities in the variations of sex and weight (12) . The values established for the species Macaca tonkeana (0.59) (7) , Macaca nigra (0.58) (7) and Macaca fascicularis (0.55 to 0.58) (7,11) validate the CTR measures identified in the present study, thus enabling the findings of cardiothoracic measurements among the species to be correlated.…”

“…it is clear that the adult females did not show great variations in the outcomes, similar to those reported in another study done with the Sapajus sp. (8) or Callithrix jacchus (9) and even in Macaca mulatta (10) ; this enabled the conclusion to be drawn that healthy adult female primates with close body shape, do not show large variations among the measurements recorded.…”