Cardiovascular Aging and Physical Activity: Insights From Metabolomics

Lim, Ryan Mao Heng; Koh, Angela S.

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.728228

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Recent literature has shown that patients with HF have worse muscle function and atrophy, because of pathological alterations including altered metabolism, energetics, and decreased oxidative capacity ( 24 – 27 ). Possible metabolic pathways linking physical activity, cardiovascular health, and musculoskeletal function with aging have also been described and summarized using insights from metabolomics ( 28 ). Of note, genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and glucose metabolism are upregulated by physical activity, whereas these changes are absent or reversed in HF ( 29 ).…”

Section: Skeletal Muscle Sarcopenia and Cardiac Aging: Which One Came...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

et al. 2022

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Cardiac alterations in structure and function, namely, the left ventricle, have been intensely studied for decades, in association with aging. In recent times, there has been keen interest in describing myocardial changes that accompany skeletal muscle changes in older adults. Initially described as a cardio-sarcopenia syndrome where alterations in myocardial structure were observed particularly among older adults with skeletal muscle sarcopenia, investigations into this syndrome have spurred a fresh level of interest in the cardiac-skeletal muscle axis. The purpose of this perspective is to summarize the background for this “syndrome of concern,” review the body of work generated by various human aging cohorts, and to explore future directions and opportunities for understanding this syndrome.

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Section: Skeletal Muscle Sarcopenia and Cardiac Aging: Which One Came...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

et al. 2022

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“…2 ; [ 51 ]). Therapien wie Ernährungsumstellung, Bewegung und die Gabe von Statinen werden bereits erfolgreich eingesetzt [ 13 , 27 ]. Letztere, sowie die oft gegen arterielle Hypertonie eingesetzten Wirkstoffe Angiotensin-Converting-Enzym-Hemmer und Angiotensin-Rezeptor-Blocker besitzen über ihre Hauptrolle hinaus zusätzliche antioxidative Eigenschaften [ 13 ].…”

Section: Zukunftsperspektivenunclassified

Alterungsbedingte Gefäßveränderungen am Beispiel der Arteria carotis

et al. 2022

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ZusammenfassungEiner der Hauptrisikofaktoren für das Vorliegen einer Karotisstenose und des karotisbedingten Schlaganfalls ist das Lebensalter. Ziel dieses Übersichtsartikels ist die Darstellung des aktuellen Wissensstands über altersbedingte Veränderungen der Gefäße am Beispiel der Karotisstenose.Die Gefäßalterung (vaskuläre Seneszenz) als Abnahme struktureller und funktioneller Eigenschaften der Gefäßwand spielt sich auf verschiedenen Ebenen ab. Auf multizellulärer Ebene kommt es mit zunehmendem Alter hauptsächlich aufgrund von atherosklerotischen Veränderungen der Gefäßwand zu einer Zunahme von Gefäßvolumen und -durchmesser sowie der Intima-Media-Dicke. Auf zellulärer und extrazellulärer Ebene kommt es zur Abnahme von Elastinfasern, glatten Muskelzellen und der Gesamtzellularität sowie zur Zunahme der Lipid‑, Cholesterin- und Kalziumphosphatablagerungen und der Neovaskularisierung. Ursachen der Gefäßalterung auf molekularer Ebene sind insbesondere oxidativer Stress, chronische Entzündungsreaktion, mitochondriale Dysfunktion, epigenetische Veränderungen, Dysregulation der Expression nicht kodierender RNAs (ncRNAs) und die Zunahme der Seneszenz. Der altersbedingte Verlust der Heilungs- und Reparaturfähigkeit des Gewebes macht die Plaques vulnerabler und im Falle der A. carotis anfälliger für ischämische Schlaganfälle.Zunehmende Erkenntnisse über den Einfluss des Alterns auf die Epigenetik und der ncRNAs in atherosklerotischen Plaques kann zukünftig das individuelle Risiko von Patienten genauer quantifizieren und zur Entwicklung zielgerichteter Therapiestrategien beitragen. Weitere Studien sind auf diesem Gebiet jedoch notwendig, um das gesamte Ausmaß der Gefäßalterung und den damit einhergehenden Erkrankungen zu verstehen, damit diesen dann gezielt entgegenwirkt werden kann.

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“…The inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis was soon recognized for the development of anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies targeting its classical risk factors such as dyslipidemia and hypertension. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to be a therapeutic tool for atherosclerosis, however, its beneficial effect is dosage-dependent, and improper over-exercise might also cause damage to the heart [ 198 , 199 ]. Nutraceuticals are natural nutritional compounds (e.g., Omega 3, Vitamin C… etc.)…”

Section: Established and Emerging Therapeutical Strategies For Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Senescence in Atherosclerosis: Thioredoxine-1 as an Emerging Therapeutic Target

Hadri

Smith

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et al. 2021

IJMS

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Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) worldwide and intimately linked to aging. This pathology is characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, gradual accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) particles and fibrous elements in focal areas of large and medium arteries. These fibrofatty lesions in the artery wall become progressively unstable and thrombogenic leading to heart attack, stroke or other severe heart ischemic syndromes. Elevated blood levels of LDL are major triggering events for atherosclerosis. A cascade of molecular and cellular events results in the atherosclerotic plaque formation, evolution, and rupture. Moreover, the senescence of multiple cell types present in the vasculature were reported to contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. Classical therapeutic interventions consist of lipid-lowering drugs, anti-inflammatory and life style dispositions. Moreover, targeting oxidative stress by developing innovative antioxidant agents or boosting antioxidant systems is also a well-established strategy. Accumulation of senescent cells (SC) is also another important feature of atherosclerosis and was detected in various models. Hence, targeting SCs appears as an emerging therapeutic option, since senolytic agents favorably disturb atherosclerotic plaques. In this review, we propose a survey of the impact of inflammation, oxidative stress, and senescence in atherosclerosis; and the emerging therapeutic options, including thioredoxin-based approaches such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic strategy with promising potential of senomodulation.

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Cardiovascular Aging and Physical Activity: Insights From Metabolomics

Cited by 6 publications

References 67 publications

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

Alterungsbedingte Gefäßveränderungen am Beispiel der Arteria carotis

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Senescence in Atherosclerosis: Thioredoxine-1 as an Emerging Therapeutic Target

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