Cardiovascular changes in the course of amygdaloid kindling in cats

Stock, Günter; Sturm, Volker; Klimpel, L; Schlör, K. H.

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(79)90178-x

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Pathologic changes associated with epileptogenesis may thus alter cardiovascular or respiratory function, either through interictal loss of function or excessive activity of an area during a seizure. Animal models of epilepsy show that severe epileptiform activity can produce a profound disruption of autonomic influences on BP and the heart (Stock et al, 1979), culminating in ventricular fibrillation (VF) and death (Lathers and Schraeder, 1987). Humans with epilepsy have been reported to have a higher incidence of sudden, un= expected, unexplained death than does the general population, and an acute disturbance of cardiac rhythm has been proposed as a possible mechaw ism (Jay and Leestma, 1981; Leestma et al, 1984;Ltihdorf et al, 1987).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cardiac and Respiratory Correlations with Unit Discharge in Epileptic Human Temporal Lobe

Frysinger

Harper

1990

Epilepsia

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We recorded respiratory activity and electrocardiogram (ECG) together with single cell activity from the amygdala and hippocampus of epileptic patients who later received anterotemporal lobectomy. Cross-correlation histograms were used to test for neuronal discharge timing relationships with inspiration or ECG. Linear regression was used to test for correlations of inspiratory time, respiratory period, and heart rate (HR) with tonic unit rate for each breath. Of 129 cells from 16 patients who later had resection, 89 were contralateral and 40 were ipsilateral to the resected lobe. Of the contralateral cells, 19% had a timing relationship with the cardiac cycle and only 1% had such a relationship with the respiratory cycle. Tonic correlations with HR were noted in 22% and with respiratory period and inspiratory time in 11 and 6%. Neither these percentages nor mean discharge rate differed between structures, although variance in rate was much higher on the resected side. Amygdala cells on the resected side showed more correlations with the cardiac cycle (55 vs. 20%), respiratory period (46 vs. 3%), and inspiratory time (27 vs. 7%) and were more likely to show several types of correlation. The results suggest a selective loss of ipsilateral amygdala cells and/or afferents, favoring relationships with cardiac- and respiratory-related systems and a possible synaptic reorganization of remaining cardiorespiratory afferents.

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Cardiac and Respiratory Correlations with Unit Discharge in Epileptic Human Temporal Lobe

Frysinger

Harper

1990

Epilepsia

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“…14 " 18 In a previous study," it was observed that the effects of leucine enkephalin on the BP of conscious rats were partially inhibited by naloxone if the drugs were ad-The purpose of the present experiments was to investigate the effects of the long-lived enkephalin analog [D-Ala'l-methionine-enkephalinamide (DAME) on the BP, heart rate, and baroreceptor reflex in conscious, unrestrained cats. The sensitivity of the baroreceptor reflex was tested every 15 minutes after DAME administration.…”

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Effects of [D-Ala2]-methionine-enkephalin on blood pressure, heart rate, and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity in conscious cats.

Yukimura¹,

Stock²,

Stumpf³

et al. 1981

Hypertension

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SUMMARY Effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.r.) injection of [D-Ala'1-methionine-enkephalinamide (DAME) on blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and baroreceptor reflex sensitirity were studied in conscious cats. DAME was administered at doses between 5 and 100 nmoles. Blood pressure and heart rate increased dose dependency. The sensitivity of the baroreceptor reflex was attenuated for IS to 60 minutes after DAME administration; this was independent of the BP changes. The effects of enkepbalin on BP and baroreceptor reflex were abolished by i.c.v. naloxone. DAME caused pathological changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) characterized by sharp waves in the hippocampus recordings and a loss of theta activity in the electrocorticogram. Behavioral changes were characterized by decreased physical mobility and anxiousness. These behavioral and EEG changes lasted for a longer period of time than the cardiovascular changes; they were also counteracted by naloxone.It is concluded that DAME produces a centrally mediated vasopressor response and a baroreceptor reflex attenuation and that, with respect to the time course, the effects on the baroreceptor reflex are separated from those on BP behavior and EEG, but not on heart rate. The fact that all effects of enkephalin on the parameters tested in the present experiment were completely antagonized by naloxone suggests that they are mediated by naloxone-sensitive enkephalin brain receptors. 1 "" Among them, the opioids are receiving increasing attention since they have been found present in brain cardiovascular control centers""* and have produced potent BP effects following central administration 1 ' *"" apart from their actions on pain sensation and behavior.14 " 18In a previous study," it was observed that the effects of leucine enkephalin on the BP of conscious rats were partially inhibited by naloxone if the drugs were ad- ministered into the fourth brain ventricle, but not into the third brain ventricle. This indicated that different receptors were mediating the cardiovascular leucineenkephalin effects." The effectiveness of naloxone on the baroreceptor reflex has not been investigated; the relationship between the effects of enkephalin on BP and heart rate and those on the baroreceptor reflex also is not known, but is of interest in view of the presence of enkephalin-immunoreactive material in the nucleus tractus solitarii," which is the first synapse of the baroreceptor afferents. In this context, it is important to control the electroencephalogram (EEG) of experimental animals, since epileptic-like spike-wave complexes have been described following central opioid peptides" and these could entail cardiovascular responses.18 It is also known that the hypothalamus, the limbic system, and the cerebral cortex have an important role in the integration of BP control mechanisms and, e.g., baroreceptor reflex modulation.

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Single Cell Recordings of the Nucleus Amygdalae in Conscious Cats. A Contribution to Research into Focal Epilepsy

Schulz¹,

Schulz²,

Stock³

et al. 1987

Advances in Neurosurgery

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Cardiovascular changes in the course of amygdaloid kindling in cats

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Cardiac and Respiratory Correlations with Unit Discharge in Epileptic Human Temporal Lobe

Cardiac and Respiratory Correlations with Unit Discharge in Epileptic Human Temporal Lobe

Effects of [D-Ala2]-methionine-enkephalin on blood pressure, heart rate, and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity in conscious cats.

Single Cell Recordings of the Nucleus Amygdalae in Conscious Cats. A Contribution to Research into Focal Epilepsy

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