Cardiovascular complications and related risk factors underlying opium consumption

Ebdali, Reyhaneh T.; Tabaee, Seyyedeh Samaneh; Tabaei, Samira

doi:10.1002/jcp.27780

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Due to the results it appears that opium addiction increases the risk of CAE and CAD disease. As mentioned previously, opium is a risk factor for deterioration of cardiovascular diseases [12]. Additionally, the roles played by opium in the cardiovascular-related complications, such as atherosclerosis and coronary microvascular dysfunction has also been documented previously [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The roles played by opium in the pathogenesis of CAE are yet to be defined. Due to the relation between opium and cardiovascular diseases and their related complications [12], it has been hypothesized that opium may alter the risk of CAE. Therefore, this project was designed to investigate the correlation between opium consumption and the risk of CAD and CAE in the patients who were under angiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opium is an important risk factor for coronary artery ectasia; a cross-sectional study

Masoumi¹

2019

Preprint

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Introduction Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare cardiovascular disorder with unknown mechanisms and related risk factors. The roles played by homocysteine in induction of cardiovascular diseases have also been documenetd previously. This project was designed to explore the roles played by opium in the pathogenesis of CAE disorder and the roles of the plausible risk factors on the homocysteine and other biochemical factors.Material and methods This cross-sectional study was performed on the 46 patients with CAE, 30 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 42 cases without CAE and CAD (controls). Demographic data and information regarding opium consuming and also smoking were collected using standard chek list. Serum levels of homocysteine, creatinin (Cr), urea, fasting blood glucose (FBG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) and cholestrol (Chol) were determined.Results Statistical analysis revealed that opium consumers were significantly higher in CAD and CAE patients when compared to healthy controls. Opium increased serum levels of Cr in the normal controls, and decreased HDL in the CAD patients. Homocysteine serum levels were not altered among the groups.Discussion Due to the results it appears that opium may be considered as a risk factor for either CAE or CAD independent of homocysteine and also may be the risk factor for kidney diseases in the normal population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opium is an important risk factor for coronary artery ectasia; a cross-sectional study

Masoumi¹

2019

Preprint

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“…[12][13][14] Opium use has also been shown to be associated with high rates of myocardial fibrosis, perivascular fibrosis, interstitial fibrosis and severe coronary artery disease. [15][16][17] The pathogenesis of opioid abuse gastroenteropathy can therefore be hypothesized to be due to a combination of (1) a reduction in motility, which results in stasis and prolonged exposure to gastric acid/intestinal contents and (2) intestinal ischemia secondary to the hyperadrenergic and pro-inflammatory state secondary to opioid abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical profile and outcomes of opioid abuse gastroenteropathy: an underdiagnosed disease entity

Mahajan¹,

Gupta²,

Singh³

et al. 2020

Intest Res

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Background/Aims: Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction includes nausea, vomiting, constipation and abdominal distension. We describe patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GI) ulcers and ulcerated strictures secondary to opioid abuse, an entity not well described in literature.Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with opioid abuse gastroenteropathy presenting to Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India between January 2013 and December 2018. Opioid abuse gastroenteropathy was defined as gastric or small bowel ulcers and ulcerated strictures in patients abusing opioids, where all other possible etiologies of GI ulcers/strictures were excluded. Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, radiological and histological parameters as well as response to treatment were assessed.Results: During the study period, 20 patients (mean age, 38.5±14.2 years; 100% males) were diagnosed to have opioid induced GI ulcers and/or ulcerated strictures. The mean duration of opioid consumption was 6.2±3.4 years. The mean duration of symptoms at presentation was 222.1±392.3 days. Thirteen patients (65%) had gastroduodenal involvement, 6 (30%) had a jejunoileal disease and 1 (5%) had an ileocecal stricture. Two patients (10%) presented with upper GI bleeding, 11 (55%) had features of gastric outlet obstruction and 7 (35%) presented with small bowel obstruction. Abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia were the most common presentations. Only 1 patient (5%) responded to proton pump inhibitors, 3 (15%) had a lasting response to endoscopic balloon dilatation, while all other (80%) required surgical intervention.Conclusions: Opioid abuse gastroenteropathy presents as ulcers and ulcerated strictures which respond poorly to medical management and endoscopic balloon dilatation. A majority of these cases need surgical intervention.

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“…is belief might be explained by the analgesic effect of opium. Contrary to this belief, recent publications have shown a positive relationship between opium use and some of the mentioned chronic diseases [5,6]. Among these diseases, cancer has received great attention .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Opium may be prescribed for patients due to its analgesic, hypnotic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal effects [ 1 , 4 ]. However, the health hazards of opium misuse have raised concerns about the long-term effects of opium use [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opium Use and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Mansouri

Naghshi

Parsaeian

et al. 2022

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Background. Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent associations between opium use and cancer risk. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between opium use and cancer risk. Methods. We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar until February 2021 and references of retrieved relevant articles for observational studies that reported the risk of cancer in relation to opium use. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled effect sizes (ESs) as well as 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between opium use and cancer risk by considering opium doses and types, duration of consumption, and routes of opium use. Results. In total, 21 observational articles, with a total sample size of 64,412 individuals and 6,658 cases of cancer, were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Ever opium users, compared with never opium users, had 3.53 times greater risk of overall cancer (pooled ES: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.60–4.79, P ≤ 0.01). This positive association was also seen for some individual types of cancers except for esophageal and colon cancers. Also, we found that higher opium doses and higher duration of consumption were associated with an increased risk of overall and individual types of cancer. However, the associations between opium doses and the risk of head and neck and larynx cancers were not significant. In terms of the routes of opium use, both opium ingestion and smoking were positively associated with the risk of cancer. Regarding opium types, we found that using teriak, but not shireh, could increase the risk of cancer. Conclusions. Our findings showed that opium use, particularly in the form of teriak, is a risk factor for cancer.

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Cardiovascular complications and related risk factors underlying opium consumption

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Opium is an important risk factor for coronary artery ectasia; a cross-sectional study

Opium is an important risk factor for coronary artery ectasia; a cross-sectional study

Clinical profile and outcomes of opioid abuse gastroenteropathy: an underdiagnosed disease entity

Opium Use and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

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