Cardiovascular Disease in Latin American Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study and a Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Latin American (LA) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. First, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 310 Colombian patients with SLE in whom CVD was assessed. Associated factors were examined by multivariate regression analyses. Second, a systematic review of the literature on CVD in SLE in LA was performed. Results. There were 133 (36.5%) Colombian SLE patients with CVD. Dyslipidemia, smoking, coffee consumption, and pleural effusion were positively associated with CVD. An independent effect of coffee consumption and cigarette on CVD was found regardless of gender and duration of disease. In the systematic review, 60 articles fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. A wide range of CVD prevalence was found (4%–79.5%). Several studies reported ancestry, genetic factors, and polyautoimmunity as novel risk factors for such a condition. Conclusions. A high rate of CVD is observed in LA patients with SLE. Awareness of the observed risk factors should encourage preventive population strategies for CVD in patients with SLE aimed at facilitating the suppression of cigarette smoking and coffee consumption as well as at the tight control of dyslipidemia and other modifiable risk factors.

Anti-CCP antibodies as a marker of rhupus

“…The variables included in the statistical model were polyautoimmunity and multiple autoimmune syndrome, familial autoimmunity, gender, age at onset, smoking and coffee consumption, toxic exposure, comorbidities, cardiovascular disease, history of infections, malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, positive antinuclear antibody, arthritis, serositis, renal, neurologic, hematologic and immunologic disorder. 3,4 Likewise, positivity for antibodies, lupus anticoagulant and complement status were variables also included. The statistical analyses were performed in R 3.0.2. and Salford Predictive Modeler v.7.…”

Morbimortalidad cardiopulmonar en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico

“…CVD: cardiovascular disease, SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, MetS: metabolic syndrome, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, IR: insulin resistance, HRT: hormone replacement therapy, CIC: Circulating Immune complex, oxLDL/ B2GPI complex: oxidized-low density lipoprotein/ß 2 glycoprotein I, HDL: high density lipoprotein, Auto-Ab: auto-antibodies, AMs: antimalarials, CYC: cyclophosphamide, AZA: azathioprine, MMF: mycophenolatemofetil, ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, AT-II blockers: angiotensin II receptor blockers. Con permiso de Amaya-Amaya J et al (67). En un estudio realizado en pacientes con LES, el 53% de éstos tenía más de un factor de riesgo tradicional y de éstos los más frecuentes eran el sedentarismo (70 %), la obesidad (56%), la dislipidemia (56%) y el antecedente de tabaquismo (56%) (47).…”

Cardiovascular Events in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Mechanisms for the Accelerated Development of Atherosclerosis, Diagnosis, Correction Capabilities

“…Следует отметить, что, в то время как смертность от всех причин при СКВ за послед-ние десятилетия значительно снизилась в связи с повыше-нием эффективности терапии, смертность от сердечно-со-судистых заболеваний сохраняется на высоком уровне и они остаются ведущей причиной гибели больных [7,8]. При этом следует отметить высокую распространенность ССЗ у больных СКВ, значительно превышающую таковую в общей популяции [9][10][11].…”

“…[16,17] -в 50 раз. В Колумбии распространенность ССЗ среди больных СКВ составила 36,5%, а в Северной Америке -6-10% [9,14,18]. Кроме того, в итальянском исследовании А. Doria и соавт.…”

“…В практике кардиоло-га широко используется Фрамингемская шкала риска, по-зволяющая определить категории риска ССЗ для выбора последующей профилактики ИБС. Однако данная шкала жестко зависит от возраста больного и ее применение не-достаточно эффективно у молодых пациентов с СКВ [9,58]. Поэтому оценка только традиционных факторов риска ИБС у пациентов с СКВ может привести к недооценке у них риска развития ССЗ.…”