Cardiovascular Disease in Women with Diabetes

Cardiovascular disease among diabetic women with bilateral oophorectomy.

“…About 80% of all premature deaths in diabetics are secondary to thrombotic events with 75% of such cases occurring in the cardiovascular system (182). Platelets in diabetics have increased expressions of activation markers, and platelet surface receptors or surface adhesion molecules including P-selectin , glycoprotein (GP) Ib and GP IIb/IIIa, which mediate binding to von Willebrand factor and platelet-fibrin interaction (183).…”

“…This alteration in calcium homeostasis which leads to elevated concentration of cytosolic calcium, enhance platelet reactivity and aggregation (183). This process is suggested to provide explanation for the elevated platelet sensitivity and the increased response to variety of aggregating agents such as adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, or collagen, observed in diabetic (182).…”

“…Another possible mechanism is the activation of protein kinase C, a mediator of platelet activation (183). Other platelet abnormalities in diabetics that increase their risk of atherosclerosis include decreased platelet survival, increased platelet generation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids, and increased glycosylation of platelet proteins (182).…”