Cardiovascular diseases burden in COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background High rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been reported among patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Meanwhile there were controversies among different studies about CVD burden in COVID-19 patients. Hence, we aimed to study CVD burden among COVID-19 patients, using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We have systematically searched databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science as well as medRxiv pre-print database. Hand searched was also conducted in journal websites and Google Scholar. Meta-analyses were carried out for Odds Ratio (OR) of mortality and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission for different CVDs. We have also performed a descriptive meta-analysis on different CVDs. Results Fifty-six studies entered into meta-analysis for ICU admission and mortality outcome and 198 papers for descriptive outcomes, including 159,698 COVID-19 patients. Results of meta-analysis indicated that acute cardiac injury, (OR: 13.29, 95% CI 7.35-24.03), hypertension (OR: 2.60, 95% CI 2.11-3.19), heart Failure (OR: 6.72, 95% CI 3.34-13.52), arrhythmia (OR: 2.75, 95% CI 1.43-5.25), coronary artery disease (OR: 3.78, 95% CI 2.42-5.90), and cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.61, 95% CI 1.89-3.62) were significantly associated with mortality. Arrhythmia (OR: 7.03, 95% CI 2.79-17.69), acute cardiac injury (OR: 15.58, 95% CI 5.15-47.12), coronary heart disease (OR: 2.61, 95% CI 1.09-6.26), cardiovascular disease (OR: 3.11, 95% CI 1.59-6.09), and hypertension (OR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.41-2.68) were also significantly associated with ICU admission in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Findings of this study revealed a high burden of CVDs among COVID-19 patients, which was significantly associated with mortality and ICU admission. Proper management of CVD patients with COVID-19 and monitoring COVID-19 patients for acute cardiac conditions is highly recommended to prevent mortality and critical situations.

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

“…However, there was no significant association between mortality in the patients with CVDs and COVID-19 ( Table 2). Hessami et al, in a metaanalysis including 159,698 COVID-19 patients reported a high burden of CVDs in patients with SARS-COV-2 infection, which was significantly associated with mortality and ICU admission [61]. Moreover, in the current meta-analysis, we found that the proportion of SARS-COV-2 infection in Iranian patients with hypertension was 21.1 %.…”

Experience With Cardiology-Oriented Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

“…Several studies identified that markers of inflammation and myocardial injury, like troponin T elevation, are associated with poor outcomes and overall increased mortality rates ( 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 ). Our data also showed that troponin elevation, particularly as levels continue to rise, is associated with increased mortality rates.…”

“…While there are guidelines on the diagnosis and management of respiratory failure, pneumonia, and sepsis-associated with SARS-CoV-2, there is a lack of guidance for the diagnosis and management of these associated cardiac complications despite the increased prevalence seen in this disease process. The paucity of high-quality best-practice evidence leaves clinicians with equipoise on how to best manage COVID-19 related cardiovascular complications, particularly in the critically ill ( 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 – 16 ). Here, we review our institutional data and describe recommendations detailing the management of acute cardiovascular complications in critically ill patients with COVID-19.…”

Role of Resveratrol in Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications Related to Covid-19 Disease: Mode of Action and Approaches Explored to Increase Its Bioavailability

“…During 2020, many meta-analyses and meta-meta-analyses reported the positive association between underlying diseases, especially CVD, and the illness severity among COVID-19 patients [216][217][218][219][220]. Resveratrol can alleviate the numerous factors associated with CVD, so it has potential as a functional supplement to reduce COVID-19 illness severity in patients displaying poor prognosis.…”