Cardiovascular diseases, risk factors, and ulcer relapse in older adults with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Objectives To test the hypothesis that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and risk factors are associated with ulcer relapse in after-retirement patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of 40 minor RAS patients aged 55–75 years, admitted to Oral Medicine Clinic at one university hospital in China between 2016 and 2018. The diagnosis of minor RAS was made based on the history and manifestation of oral ulcers. The ulcer relapse was evaluated after a 5-week anti-inflammatory treatment, and the history of systemic diseases was collected. CVD/MR referred to the presence of any CVDs and metabolic CVD risks. Associations among CVDs, risk factors, and ulcer relapse were evaluated. Results The mean age of 40 patients with minor RAS was 62.4 years (SD 5.1), and 40% were men. The ulcer relapse rate was 37.5% (95% CI, 0.242–0.530). The proportion of CVD/MR was higher in the relapse group than in the no-relapse group after 5-week anti-inflammatory treatment (Fisher’s exact test, P = 0.041). Conclusions CVD/MR was associated with ulcer relapse after anti-inflammatory treatment. Clinical Relevance: Healthcare providers must counsel patients about CVDs plus metabolic CVD risks and provide timely intervention.