Cardiovascular Effect of Bans on Smoking in Public Places

Meyers, David G.; Neuberger, John S.; He, Jia

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.022

Cited by 331 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A smoking ban without exceptions for the hospitality industry would be the most cost-effective measure to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [3,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Borders for Tobacco Smoke in Hospitality Venues in Vienna

Pletz

Neuberger

2011

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In public places many countries banned smoking as the most important indoor source of fine airborne particulate matter. In Austria partial bans have been in force since 2009, with exemptions for the hospitality industry. From February to October 2010 we investigated PM 2.5 concentrations in the breathing area of guests in well frequented Viennese establishments of all sizes, and compared these chance indoor samples with PM 2.5 concentrations measured during the same half hour at the next outdoor monitoring station. The laser particle counter (OPC1.108, Grimm ® ) used for indoor measurements had been calibrated by ß-attenuation (FH 62 I-R, Eberline ® ), which was used outdoors. 48% of 112 venues visited did not fully comply with the law, notwithstanding its weakness. Highest median concentrations (in µg/m³ ) were found in bars (443.7), followed by nightclubs/discotheques (421.1), pubs (147.7), cafes (106.1) and restaurants (23.4). Concentrations increased with number of smokers present (p < 0.01), with medians of 282.4/241,3/67.6/6.9 µg/m³ in smoking venues/smoking rooms/adjacent non-smoking rooms/exclusive non-smoking venues. Only for the latter, a significant correlation was found with outdoor concentrations (r = 0.48, p < 0.01), while concentrations in non-smoking rooms were higher (p < 0.01) and unrelated to outdoor concentrations, but significantly dependent on concentrations in the adjacent smoking room (r = 0.64, p < 0.01). In conclusion, the partial smoking ban failed and guests of Viennese hospitality venues continue to risk disease from passive smoking, even in so-called "non-smoking rooms", which are second-hand smoke rooms. OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2011, 2 172

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“…A smoking ban without exceptions for the hospitality industry would be the most cost-effective measure to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [3,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Borders for Tobacco Smoke in Hospitality Venues in Vienna

Pletz

Neuberger

2011

Atmosphere

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“…The decrease in mortality was only noted 3 years following the introduction of the legislation in the year 2007. Studies have shown that there is usually an immediate decline in mortality following smoking ban in public places [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . The decrease in mortality in 2007 could be attributed to better enforcement of the smoking ban as evidenced by a marked increase in fines 13 and a decrease in the importation of cigarettes during that year 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking ban legislation has been shown to lead to an immediate and significant reduction in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk in a number of studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . Furthermore, the community risk reduction brought about by smoking bans increases with time 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking Ban: A Long-term Analysis of the Malta Paradox in a Population of over 400,000 Subjects

Xuereb¹,

Distefano²,

Magri³

et al. 2015

ICFJ

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Objectives: The introduction of laws that make indoor public areas and workplaces smoke-free has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Malta was the second European country to introduce the smoking ban legislation in April 2004. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of the smoking ban in Malta on ACS morbidity and mortality. Methods: The number of ACS hospital admissions and the number of cardiovascular deaths were retrospectively analysed. The annual data for 5 years prior to and following the introduction of the Tobacco Act were obtained according to age-groups for both genders. Poisson regression analyses were performed to assess for decline in ACS admission and cardiovascular death. Results: The ACS admission rate increased throughout the 5 years following the introduction of the smoking ban. There was no change in mortality rate in the 5 years following the legislation, except in 2007 when a small but significant decline was noted. Conclusions: The Malta smoking ban did not have a significant impact on cardiovascular mortality and ACS admissions rates, indicating the need for proper enforcement of the public smoking ban and increase in public awareness regarding the adverse effects of smoking. Key words: Coronary heart disease; Mortality; Prevention; Smoking.

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“…Sonuç olarak İESD'ye kronik maruziyet aterogenez ve akut koroner sendromu tetiklemektedir (120)(121)(122)(123) . Bununla birlikte yakın zamanda uygulanan sigara içme yasakları ile akut koroner sendrom nedeniyle acil başvurusu yaklaşık %17'lik bir azalma göstermiş-tir (124) . Temiz hava sahalarının oluşturulduğu bölge-lerde hem akut koroner sendrom nedeniyle hastane başvurularının hem de ambulans çağrılarının azaldı-ğı gösterilmiştir (116) .…”

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