Cardiovascular protective effect of glabridin: Implications in LDL oxidation and inflammation

Kang, Moo Rim; Park, Ki Hwan; Oh, Soo Jin; Yun, Jieun; Lee, Chang Woo; Lee, Myeong Youl; Han, Sang‐Bae; Kang, Jong Soon

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.10.020

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Licorice has been traditionally used for several ailments such as coughs or ulcer that could be associated with inflammation ( Asl and Hosseinzadeh, 2008 ). There are also numerous scientific reports about the anti-inflammatory effects of licorice and compounds in different organs such as lung, skin, nervous system, liver, and cardiovascular system to name a few ( Chu et al, 2013 ; Dohil, 2013 Kim et al, 2013b ;; Kang et al, 2015 ; Yu et al, 2015 ). The role of licorice in preventing breast cancer through modulating inflammatory pathways has also been studied.…”

Section: Botanicals For Breast Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Dietz

Hajirahimkhan

Dunlap

et al. 2016

Pharmacological Reviews

166

174

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Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women’s health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women’s Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women’s health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.

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Section: Botanicals For Breast Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Dietz

Hajirahimkhan

Dunlap

et al. 2016

Pharmacological Reviews

166

174

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“…Glabridin, a polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from a traditional medicine, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root, was first isolated and characterized in 1976 . Glabridin has been associated with numerous biological properties; it has antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic, cardiovascular protective, energy metabolism regulating, immunomodulatory, estrogenic, neuroprotective, antiosteoporotic, antinephritic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiobesity, radical scavenging, and skin‐whitening activities . Studies have indicated that glabridin has antitumor effects, including antiproliferation effects in liver and breast cancers; antimetastatic effects in liver, breast, and lung cancers; antiangiogenetic effects in breast and lung cancers; inhibitory effects on the cancer stem cell–like properties in breast and lung cancers; and antiapoptotic effects in leukemia and liver cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glabridin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells through the JNK1/2 signaling pathway

Chen

Hsieh

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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Glabridin, a flavonoid extracted from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), possesses various biological properties, including anticancer activities. However, the effect of glabridin on oral cancer cell apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that glabridin treatment significantly inhibits cell proliferation in human oral cancer SCC-9 and SAS cell lines. Flow cytometric assays demonstrated that glabridin induced several features of apoptosis, such as sub-G1 phase cell increase and phosphatidylserine externalization. Furthermore, glabridin induced apoptosis dose-dependently in SCC-9 cells through caspase-3, -8, and -9 activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Moreover, glabridin increased the phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibition of the JNK1/2 inhibitor significantly reversed the glabridin-induced activation of the caspase pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that glabridin induces oral cancer cell apoptosis through the JNK1/2 pathway and is a potential therapeutic agent for oral cancer.

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“…In our results, resveratrol and short-term hypoxia reversed Ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and reduced the protein expression of cleaved caspase 3 (Fig. The flavonoids epicatechin and quercetin improved fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance [ Dower et al, 2015] in a glabridin study by inhibiting the early inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis [Kang et al, 2015] and anthocyanins, which are mediated via interleukin 6 (IL-6) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) inflammatory mediators to regulate oxidized LDL-induced cardiovascular disease [Amin et al, 2015]. In recent exercise reports, Ox-LDL increased oxidative stress, ROS production and was associated with atherogenesis progress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Short‐Term Hypoxia Reverses Ox‐LDL‐Induced CD36 and GLUT4 Switching Metabolic Pathways in H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cells

Chen

Hsu

Baskaran

et al. 2017

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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High levels of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL, plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides) are associated with type 2 diabetes, arteriosclerosis, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. In the heart, the accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) has been proposed to play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease. We obtain cholesterol from animals and animal-derived foods such as milk, eggs, and cheese. In previous studies, the ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was shown to be important for our health. High levels of LDL cholesterol lead to atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of heart attack and ischemic stroke. In this study, we utilized Ox-LDL-treated H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells as a simulated hyperlipidemia model. CD36 metabolism pathway proteins (phospho-Akt, SIRT1, PGC1α, PPARα, CPT1β, and CD36) increased at low doses of Ox-LDL. However, high doses (150 and 200 mg/dL) of Ox-LDL reduced the levels of these proteins. Interestingly, expression of GLUT4 metabolism pathway proteins (phospho-PKCζ) were reduced at low doses, while the expression of phospho-AMPK, phospho-PI3K, phospho-PKCζ, GLUT4, and PDH proteins increased at high doses. Ox-LDL acute treatment induces apoptosis in cardiomyocytes as evidenced by apoptotic nuclei apparition, caspase-3 activation, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria. In our results, Ox-LDL induced lipotoxicity in cardiomyocytes, and subsequent exposure to short-term hypoxia or reversed the Ox-LDL-induced metabolic imbalance. The same result was obtained with the pharmacological activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol and si-PKCζ. The mechanism of metabolic switching during Ox-LDL lipotoxicity seems to be mediated by SIRT1 and PKC ζ. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3785-3795, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Cardiovascular protective effect of glabridin: Implications in LDL oxidation and inflammation

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Glabridin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells through the JNK1/2 signaling pathway

Short‐Term Hypoxia Reverses Ox‐LDL‐Induced CD36 and GLUT4 Switching Metabolic Pathways in H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cells

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