Cardiovascular risk assessment and screening in diabetes

Zhao, Yanglu

doi:10.1097/xce.0000000000000115

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Furthermore, diabetes is a wellknown risk factor for CVD, as it can affect both small and large vasculature. Some guidelines consider diabetes mellitus equivalent to coronary heart disease when it comes to the 10-year risk of CVD (≥20%) [19][20][21][22]. In our study, an association was found between diabetes and the 10-year risk of IHD with a p-value of 0.035.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Assessment of Different Risk Factors Among Adult Cardiac Patients at a Single Cardiac Center in Saudi Arabia

AlRahimi

Alattas

Almansouri

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has remained the leading cause of death in the last 15 years and is one of the main health problems in Saudi Arabia. Our study aims to assess the prevalence of different CVD risk factors and correlate them among King Faisal Cardiac Center patients in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected by interviewing adult patients admitted to King Faisal Cardiac Center and diagnosed with hemodynamically stable cardiac disease. We excluded patients with multiple medical conditions that contribute to acute mental disorders. The sample size was calculated to be 200 patients. Results Overall, 163 patients completed the survey. The majority of the participants (49.1%) were between 46-65 years of age, males, non-smokers, and had more than 11 children. Diabetes was found to be the most common risk factor (66.3%). Most participants had mild to moderate anxiety (63.8%) and depression (66.9%). Most of the patients (51.5%) have a high 10-year risk of developing CVD, followed by moderate and low risk (33.1% and 15.3%, respectively). In our study, a high 10-year risk of CVD was significantly associated with age between 46-80 years with a p-value=0.002, male gender with a p-value=0.007, cigarette smoking with a p-value=0.031, and diabetes with a p-value=0.035. Conclusion The study demonstrated a high prevalence of the following CVD risk factors: age, male gender, immobility, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In addition, a significant association was found between high 10-year risk of CVD and age, gender, smoking, number of children, and diabetes with a p-value<0.05. No significant association was found in the other risk factors such as obesity, body mass index (BMI), immobility, caregiver, dyslipidemia, depression, and anxiety.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Assessment of Different Risk Factors Among Adult Cardiac Patients at a Single Cardiac Center in Saudi Arabia

AlRahimi

Alattas

Almansouri

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…Factors that can contribute to the development of CVD are age over 40, being male, and poor clinical and biochemical characteristics such as high blood pressure, renal dysfunction, and high LDL-C. 4 Refining risk estimates in patients with DM may aid in the efficient and cost-effective implementation of prevention methods, as well as lowering the potential negative effects of preventive medications. 21 In the current study, patients with DM (controlled and uncontrolled) showed graver CVD profiles; being diabetic increased the odds of having higher CVD three times as compared to non-diabetics, in addition, about half of diabetics met the criteria of intermediate/high CVD risk as screened by FRS. This higher CVD risk among individuals with DM was ascertained by previous research from different populations, and geographical regions and through different study designs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Sub-Cohort Analysis from the Heart Health Promotion (HHP) Study

Fayed¹,

Alzeidan²,

Elkouny³

et al. 2023

IJGM

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Objective This study aimed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and to investigate the effect of DM control on CVD risk. Methodology A total of 2432 participants who had their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured within the last three months were included in this study. The study cohort was divided into three categories: non-diabetic, participants with controlled DM (HbA1c<7%), and uncontrolled DM (HbA1c≥7%). The World Health Organization’s stepwise approach to chronic disease risk factor Surveillance-Instrument v2.1 was used in this study to collect the anthropometric and biochemical measurements. The Framingham Coronary Heart Risk Score (FRS) was used to calculate the 10-year cardiovascular risk (CVR). The groups were compared concerning the prevalence of metabolic, socioeconomic, and cardiac risks. Results Out of 2432 participants, 149 had controlled DM (6.1%), 286 had uncontrolled DM (11.8%), and 1997 participants were normoglycemic (82.1%). Compared to healthy participants, diabetic participants showed more high-risk characteristics across all CVR parameters. Uncontrolled diabetic patients had a graver laboratory and clinical profiles compared to the controlled DM group. As measured by FRS, nearly half of patients with controlled DM (49.9%) and two-thirds of patients with uncontrolled DM (63.3%) were classified as intermediate and high-risk compared to 4.6% of the healthy participants. Compared to healthy participants, patients with controlled DM showed a threefold increased CVR (OR = 3.02, 95% C.I. = 1.41–7.24) while this risk catapulted to 13 times among those with uncontrolled DM (OR = 13.57, 95% C.I. = 6.99–26.36). Conclusion Participants with DM are at moderate to high CVR. Individuals with uncontrolled DM showed higher CVR profiles as measured by FRS and have a higher prevalence of obesity, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity.

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“…Since our study shows that not all patients are at the same ASCVD risk, there should be a varied approach in their management as regard to statin dose intensity, antiplatelet therapy, and choice of anti-diabetic agents. Without ASCVD stratification, diabetic patients are either under or over-treated [17]. Therefore, in Uganda where there is a high prevalence of dyslipidemia (88%) among patients with diabetes and low rates of its screening, and limited use of lipid-lowering drugs [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Uganda

Lumu¹

2021

TIJAR

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While atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes, the magnitude and socio-demographic determinants of this risk are not known in Uganda. We aimed to establish the magnitude of the predicted 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk and describe its socio-demographic determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes in Uganda. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in eight (8) diabetes clinics from November 2020 to February 2021. We enrolled 500 patients with type 2 diabetes aged between 40 to 79 years. Patients were interviewed on their socio-demographic characteristics. Anthropometric and laboratory measurements were performed. The predicted 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk was categorized using the Pooled Cohorts Risks Equations. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to establish associated socio-demographic factors. The majority of participants were females (78%), with a mean age of 55.14years (SD±8.96). Of the patients studied, 20% were at low risk (score <5%), 14.2% borderline risk (score 5-≤7.5%), 45.2% intermediate risk (score7.5-<20) and 20.6% high risk (score ≥20%). Elevated risk of score ≥7.5% was found in 65.8%. The male gender (AOR= 5.456, 95% CI 2.998-9.932, p=0.001), at least 50 years of age (AOR=7.841 95% CI 4.863-12.642, p=0.001), part-time employment (AOR=1.726, 95% CI 1.221-2.441, p=0.002) and being widowed (AOR=2.4, 95% CI 1.192-4.833, p=0.002) were significantly associated with cardiovascular disease risk. The cardiovascular disease risk among patients with type 2 diabetes is high. The male gender, age of at least 50years, part-time employment, and being widowed are socio-demographic factors that should be prioritized at primary level management of cardiovascular disease.

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Cardiovascular risk assessment and screening in diabetes

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Assessment of Different Risk Factors Among Adult Cardiac Patients at a Single Cardiac Center in Saudi Arabia

Assessment of Different Risk Factors Among Adult Cardiac Patients at a Single Cardiac Center in Saudi Arabia

Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Sub-Cohort Analysis from the Heart Health Promotion (HHP) Study

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Uganda

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