Cardiovascular risk factors among ART‐experienced people with HIV in South Africa

Hyle, Emily P; Bekker, Linda‐Gail; Martey, Emily B.; Huang, Mingshu; Xu, Ai; Walensky, Rochelle P.; Middelkoop, Keren

doi:10.1002/jia2.25274

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The proportion of male participants in the included studies was reported in all studies and it ranged from 21.4% to 60.9%. 29–48 Of the included studies, 11 30–32 34 35 39–43 46 reported on diabetes, five 36 38 44 47 48 reported on HIV, two 29 45 reported on stroke and one each reported on chronic kidney disease 33 and atrial fibrillation. 37 None of the included studies reported on obesity, dyslipidaemia, coronary heart disease, heart failure, peripheral heart disease and depression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe burden of uncontrolled hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is high and hypertension is known to coexist with other chronic diseases such as kidney disease, diabetes among others. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the burden of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbidities in SSA.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted on MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) and Web of Science to identify all relevant articles published between 1 January 2000 and 17 June 2021. We included studies that reported on the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among people in SSA who report taking antihypertensive treatment and have another chronic condition. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain the pooled estimate of the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbid conditions while on treatment across studies in SSA.ResultsIn all, 20 articles were included for meta-analyses. Eleven articles were among diabetic patients, five articles were among patients with HIV, two were among patients with stroke while chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation had one article each. The pooled prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbidities was 78.6% (95% CI 71.1% to 85.3%); I² 95.9%, varying from 73.1% in patients with stroke to 100.0% in patients with atrial fibrillation. Subgroup analysis showed differences in uncontrolled hypertension prevalence by various study-level characteristicsConclusionThis study suggests a high burden of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in SSA. Strategies to improve the control of hypertension among people with comorbidities are needed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019108218.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Strategies to achieve even a modest lowering of the levels of BP in this group of persons are therefore important public health goals. [ 15 ] This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the key behavioral risk factors associated with high BP among people living with HIV, their awareness of and attitudes toward these factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral risk factors for hypertension among adults living with HIV accessing care in secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria

Odukoya

Badejo

Sodeinde

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Excess risk for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, may exist among human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)-positive persons. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the behavioral risk factors for hypertension, including their awareness of these factors and their attitudes toward them. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 HIV-infected adults who accessed care in nine secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected by multistage sampling and data elicited using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured thrice and a respondent was considered as having raised BP if the mean of the last two measurements is ≥140 mm Hg (systolic BP) or ≥90 mm Hg (diastolic BP) or if respondents are currently taking anti-hypertensive. Results: Prevalence of key behavioral risk factors for hypertension was high. For instance, 82.0% of the respondents were physically inactive. Stress and physical inactivity were the two most known risks of hypertension, identified by 87.3% and 70.5% of the respondents, respectively. Majority (66.0%) had positive attitudes toward hypertension risk factors and 26.7% of them had raised BP. Lower age, that is, 30 years and below (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.26–6.64), BMI of less than 25 (OR = 1.87, 95 CI = 1.16–3.01), and being diagnosed of HIV for 5 years and less (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.006–2.62) were significantly associated with normal BP measurements among respondents. Conclusion: The proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS who show known behaviors that place them at risk for hypertension is high. Measures to address these risk factors among them are warranted.

show abstract

“…A recent meta-analysis and systematic review reported that the crude rate of CVDs in PLHIV was 61.8 per 10,000 person-years, suggesting that PLHIV were twice as likely to develop CVDs within sub-Saharan Africa, presenting the most disability-adjusted life year (DALY) loss of 0.87 million [8]. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV continues to rise creating a major public health concern in South Africa [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Endothelial Function, Antiretroviral Treatment and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in HIV Patients of African Descent in South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nkeh-Chungag

Goswami

Engwa

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limited information on the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on vascular function in South Africans of African descent living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is available. The relationship between ART, vascular function and cardiovascular risk factors in South Africans of African ancestry with HIV was therefore studied. This cross-sectional study recruited 146 HIV-positive individuals on ART (HIV+ART+), 163 HIV-positive individuals not on ART (HIV+ART−) and 171 individuals without HIV (HIV−) in Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) test was performed to assess endothelial function. Anthropometry and blood pressure parameters were measured. Lipid profile, glycaemic indices, serum creatinine as well as CD4 count and viral load were assayed in blood. Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined as a marker of cardiovascular risk. Obesity and albuminuria were positively associated with HIV, and HIV+ART+ participants had significantly higher HDL cholesterol. Dyslipidaemia markers were significantly higher in hypertensive HIV+ART+ participants compared with the controls (HIV+ART− and HIV− participants). FMD was not different between HIV+ART+ participants and the controls. Moreover, HIV+ART+ participants with higher FMD showed lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol comparable to that of HIV− and HIV+ART− participants. A positive relationship between FMD and CD4 count was observed in HIV+ART+ participants. In conclusion, antiretroviral treatment was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, particularly dyslipidaemia, in hypertensive South Africans of African ancestry with HIV. Although, ART was not associated with endothelial dysfunction, flow-mediated dilatation was positively associated with CD4 count in HIV-positive participants on ART.

show abstract

Cardiovascular risk factors among ART‐experienced people with HIV in South Africa

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Behavioral risk factors for hypertension among adults living with HIV accessing care in secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria

Relationship between Endothelial Function, Antiretroviral Treatment and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in HIV Patients of African Descent in South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About