Cardiovascular system parameters in participants of Arctic expeditions

Abstract

Objectives: A method of continuous heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) recording was used for the evaluation of the cardiovascular system parameters in participants of short-term (<1 month) high-latitude expeditions, in comparison with the parameters of residents of Central Russia and the Arctic region. Material and Methods: A dynamic examination of participants of Arctic expeditions (30 men, residents of middle-latitude regions, aged 46.7±1.7 years), workers permanently living in Central Russia (the Moscow region, 44 men, aged 46.7±1.0 years) and residents of the North (the Murmansk region, 35 men, aged 46.6±1.3 years) was performed. The authors used a spiroartheriocardiorythmograph allowing the parallel recording of HR, BP, spectral characteristics of HR variability (HRV) and the variability of systolic BP (sBP) and diastolic BP (dBP), cardiac performance parameters, and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). The parameters were recorded at rest, in a sitting position, over 2 min. Results: The basic clinical parameters (HR, BP and cardiac performance) did not differ in the workers living in different climatic zones. However, the residents of the North demonstrated a lower total power (TP) of the dBP variability spectrum and a lower relative power of the high-frequency (HF) range in both the sBP and dBP variability spectra. The participants of expeditions to the North had a lower TP of the HRV spectrum (in comparison with both control groups) that did not change during the expeditions; BRS was reduced, while the TP of the sBP spectrum was increased in comparison with the corresponding parameters obtained from the residents of circumpolar regions, and decreased during the expedition in parallel with a decrease in the sBP values. The TP of both the sBP and dBP variability spectra, as well as the power of the HF range in these spectra, were similar in the participants of expeditions to those obtained from the residents of Central Russia, and they considerably surpassed the corresponding parameters in the northerners surveyed. Conclusions: The revealed peculiarities of the cardiovascular system in the participants of high-latitude expeditions can be considered as correlates of positive, and adequate in terms of the physiological value, adaptive shifts in the autonomous regulation of the cardiovascular system.

The functional states of the participants of a marine Arctic expedition with different levels of vitamin D in blood

“…The studies showed that stress and recovery reactions of winterers were characterized by different dynamics depending on the severity of the environment [16]. The features of the cardiovascular system in participants of high-latitude expeditions have been established as markers of positive and physiologically adequate adaptation shifts in the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system [17]. Multiple stressors play quite a big role in adaptation to climate change in the Canadian Arctic [18].…”

Interplay between baroreflex sensitivity, obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors (Review)

“…The measurement of BRS is considered a valuable tool for the evaluation of numerous cardiovascular diseases ( 10 ). BRS measurements focus on the ability of the autonomous system to react to blood pressure changes at the aortic arch and carotid sinus ( 11 ). Cardiovascular tests and analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) can be used for the diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy, in which the nerves that control involuntary bodily functions are damaged ( 12 ).…”

Variability and Pattern of Spontaneous Respiration in Different Types of Cardiac Rhythm Regulation of Highly Trained Athletes

“…An important component of medical control over athletes within the training process is to determine the body's functional reserves for targeted training process [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], as well as the establishment of systems that limit the possibility of training [8][9][10][11][12][13] and under certain conditions can lead to pre-pathological and pathological conditions connected with stress and failure of adaptation mechanisms [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. This circumstance requires the use of modern integrative methods of functional study of the organism in the "field conditions" [24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

“…Different Types of Cardiac Rhythm Regulation of Highly Trained Athletes One of the informative methods of express assessments of the functional state of various parts of autonomic regulation and the body as a whole is the method of spectral analysis of variability of the cardiorespiratory system. There are a huge number of publications on the practical application of the method of heart rate variability (HRV), which is widely used in the "field conditions", in various fields of medicine, physiology and sports [1,2,4,5,13,14,18,22,23,[25][26][27][28][29][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In recent years, there have been publications on the practical application in clinical practice, preventive, space and sports medicine of the method of blood pressure variability at each heart contraction [39][40][41][42][43][44].…”