“…Research has suggested that LD children, when compared to children without learning disabilities, tend to be inattentive, overactive, and impulsive, and to possess a poor self-concept and an external locus of control orientation (Bryan & Bryan, 1977;Cruickshank, Morse, & Johns, 1980;Leviton & Kiraly, 1979). Continuous failure experiences, together with feelings of being inferior to and different from other children, increase the likelihood of these students developing low self-esteem and a poor self-concept based on negative self-evaluations (Bingham, 1980;Kaslow & Cooper, 1978). A self-concept that includes many derogatory elements perpetuates a vicious cycle in which the poor self-concept contributes to lower academic performance and vice-versa (Black, 1974;Smith, 1979).…”