No country, including South Africa, has been left untouched by the global economic meltdown in 2008 and fears that another financial meltdown could be imminent. This article reports on the emergence of career construction and life design in response to changes in the world of work. It explains the essence of career construction and life design and discusses their value in 21st century (South) Africa. It also discusses the re-emergence of adaptability as a pivotal 'survival skill' in the 21st century and its importance in career counselling contexts. The second part of the article covers the analysis of six case studies on career construction and design counselling. Qualitative data analysis was used to identify common themes and subthemes in the case studies. It emerged that life design counselling enabled the participants to understand themselves better and construct new selves, broadened their perspectives on career-life issues, facilitated change in their lives, encouraged action, and imbued new hope in them. However, more research is needed on such counselling, especially in group contexts. Keywords Adaptability, career construction, life design in South Africa, meta' approach to data analysis, thematic data analysis Numerous changes have occurred in the workplace and are fast changing the theory and practice of career counselling worldwide. The changes precipitated by the fourth economic wave and the fifth information wave (Gurri, 2013) in particular have left 21st century youth with no choice but to become more adaptable and employable (instead of merely finding employment) and thereby prepare themselves for the inevitable restructuring and transformation of the workplace (Maree, 2013).Twenty-first century workers' perceptions of work-related issues such as the goals, values, and the meaning they attach to work have changed dramatically as they have attempted to respond to