CARIB18: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Geological Hazard Monitoring in the Caribbean Region

Wang, Guoquan; Liu, Hanlin; Mattioli, G. S.; Miller, M. Meghan; Feaux, K.; Braun, John

doi:10.3390/rs11060680

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Typically, there are two approaches to achieve high-precision GPS positioning solutions: Relative positioning and absolute positioning. Detailed introductions of these two methods are presented in our previous publications [28][29][30][31][32]. In general, the accuracy and precision of GPS-derived positions have been improved dramatically over the past two decades due to the advances in GPS hardware, software, and reference frames [29,33].…”

Section: Gps Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, linear velocities at GPS sites referred to a global reference frame are often dominated by long-term tectonic drifts. Minor structural deformation could be obscured by the underlying plate motions with respect to the global reference frame [32]. A stable regional or local reference frame is needed to exclude the effects of the plate motions.…”

Section: Monitoring the Stability Of The Base Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection and Monitoring of Tunneling-Induced Riverbed Deformation Using GPS and BeiDou: A Case Study

et al. 2019

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Shield tunneling under rivers often requires monitoring riverbed deformations in near real-time. However, it is challenging to measure riverbed deformation with conventional survey techniques. This study introduces a comprehensive method that uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the USA and the BeiDou navigation satellite system (BeiDou) of China to monitor riverbed deformation during the construction of twin tunnels beneath the Hutuo River in Shijiazhuang, China. A semi-permanent GPS network with one base station outside the river and six rover stations within the river was established for conducting near real-time and long-term monitoring. The distances between the base and the rover antennas are within two kilometers. The network was continuously operating for eight months from April to December 2018. The method is comprised of three components: (1) Monitoring the stability of the base station using precise point positioning (PPP) method, a stable regional reference frame, and a seasonal ground deformation model; (2) monitoring the relative positions of rover stations using the carrier-phase double-difference (DD) positioning method in near real-time; and (3) detecting abrupt and gradual displacements at both base and rover stations using an automated change point detection algorithm. The method is able to detect abrupt positional-changes as minor as five millimeters in near real-time and gradual positional-changes at a couple of millimeters per day within a week. The method has the flexibility of concurrent processing different GPS and BeiDou data sessions (e.g., every 15 minutes, 30 minutes, one hour, one day) for diffident monitoring purposes. This study indicates that BeiDou observations can also achieve few-millimeter-accuracy for measuring displacements. Parallel processing GPS and BeiDou observations can improve the reliability of near real-time structural deformation monitoring and minimize false alerts. The method introduced in this article can be applied to other urban areas for near real-time and long-term structural health monitoring.

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Section: Gps Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monitoring the Stability Of The Base Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Monitoring of Tunneling-Induced Riverbed Deformation Using GPS and BeiDou: A Case Study

et al. 2019

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“…In theory, three common stations will be able to provide the seven parameters for reference frame transformation [31]. However, more reference stations improve the reliability of the reference frame transformations and provide higher confidence in assessing the stability of the reference frame [33]. The definition of frame stability will be addressed in the next session.…”

Section: Reference Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the past years, we have developed a total 7-parameter method for transforming Earth-Centered-Earth-Fixed (ECEF) Cartesian (XYZ) coordinate time series from a global reference frame to a regional reference frame. The details of the method are introduced in our recent publications for establishing regional reference frames in North China [35], Houston metropolitan region [36], and the Caribbean [33].…”

Section: Coordinate Transformation From Igs14 To Gom20mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stability of a reference frame determines its ability to extrapolate station coordinates accurately into the past and the future beyond the frame range [34]. In practice, the stability or accuracy of a regional reference frame is often evaluated by the root-mean-square (RMS) of the velocities of all reference stations with respect to the reference frame [33]. In essence, the lifetime of a static reference frame depends on the rigidity of the crustal block that the network of reference stations covers.…”

Section: Stability Of Gom20mentioning

confidence: 99%

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GOM20: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Subsidence, Faulting, and Sea-Level Rise Studies along the Coast of the Gulf of Mexico

et al. 2020

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We have established a stable regional geodetic reference frame using long-history (13.5 years on average) observations from 55 continuously operated Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). The regional reference frame, designated as GOM20, is aligned in origin and scale with the International GNSS Reference Frame 2014 (IGS14). The primary product from this study is the seven-parameters for transforming the Earth-Centered-Earth-Fixed (ECEF) Cartesian coordinates from IGS14 to GOM20. The frame stability of GOM20 is approximately 0.3 mm/year in the horizontal directions and 0.5 mm/year in the vertical direction. The regional reference frame can be confidently used for the time window from the 1990s to 2030 without causing positional errors larger than the accuracy of 24-h static GNSS measurements. Applications of GOM20 in delineating rapid urban subsidence, coastal subsidence and faulting, and sea-level rise are demonstrated in this article. According to this study, subsidence faster than 2 cm/year is ongoing in several major cities in central Mexico, with the most rapid subsidence reaching to 27 cm/year in Mexico City; a large portion of the Texas and Louisiana coasts are subsiding at 3 to 6.5 mm/year; the average sea-level-rise rate (with respect to GOM20) along the Gulf coast is 2.6 mm/year with a 95% confidence interval of ±1 mm/year during the past five decades. GOM20 provides a consistent platform to integrate ground deformational observations from different remote sensing techniques (e.g., GPS, InSAR, LiDAR, UAV-Photogrammetry) and ground surveys (e.g., tide gauge, leveling surveying) into a unified geodetic reference frame and enables multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research.

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Slow Slip and Inter‐transient Locking on the Nicoya Megathrust in the Late and Early Stages of an Earthquake Cycle

et al. 2020

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We analyzed continuous GPS data collected from 2002-2020 to characterize slow slip events (SSEs) in and near the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. These data are bisected by the 5 September 2012 M w 7.6 earthquake. The displacement time series contain multiple signals, including plate convergence, plate interface locking, coseismic and postseismic deformation, seasonal oscillations, SSEs, and noise. GPS-measured coseismic and postseismic displacements associated with the M w 7.6 earthquake are modeled and removed by a step function plus multiple timescale relaxation processes with four characteristic times: 11, 94, 470, and 1,865 days. Seasonal oscillations are eliminated using a multichannel singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA). Ten major SSEs (M w > 6.6) are observed in the remaining time series, with a constant recurrence interval of 21.7 ± 2.6 months. SSEs occur in both shallow (~10 km) and deep (~35 km) portions of the plate interface, but the latter last longer and have larger magnitudes. There is minimum to no slow slip in the M w 7.6 seismic rupture area and a persistent slow slip patch beneath the Nicoya Gulf entrance. Despite strong earthquake-related stress perturbations, the inter-SSE locking status on the megathrust is very similar between the late and early stages of the earthquake cycle and includes locked patches that ruptured in the 2012 earthquake or continue to rupture via SSEs. Some locked patches offshore south of the Nicoya Peninsula did not rupture in 2012, do not participate in SSEs, and may be indicative of supercycle behavior, that is, strain accumulation over several seismic cycles. These areas warrant heightened monitoring. Plain Language Summary Slow slip events (SSEs) release strain energy in Earth's crust that accumulates due to plate motion and frictional locking on the boundaries between plates. SSEs are similar to earthquakes but are less damaging, since strain is released slowly, over weeks or months. We used GPS measurements with millimeter precision to study SSEs in Northwestern Costa Rica between 2002 and 2020 and compared them to the pattern of strain accumulation over the same period. We find that these events happened about every 22 months, and the repeat time is unchanged by the 5 September 2012 M w 7.6 Costa Rica earthquake. Locking patterns also remain similar before and after this earthquake. However, some locked zones did not rupture in the 2012 earthquake or earthquakes in the last few decades and do not participate in SSEs. These areas may represent zones of higher seismic risk in the future.

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CARIB18: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Geological Hazard Monitoring in the Caribbean Region

Cited by 21 publications

References 74 publications

Detection and Monitoring of Tunneling-Induced Riverbed Deformation Using GPS and BeiDou: A Case Study

Detection and Monitoring of Tunneling-Induced Riverbed Deformation Using GPS and BeiDou: A Case Study

GOM20: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Subsidence, Faulting, and Sea-Level Rise Studies along the Coast of the Gulf of Mexico

Slow Slip and Inter‐transient Locking on the Nicoya Megathrust in the Late and Early Stages of an Earthquake Cycle

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