Caries Detection With Laser Fluorescence Devices. Limitations of Their Use

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent human diseases worldwide. The modern concept of minimal invasive dentistry includes early detection of incipient caries lesions and its treatment. Several optical and digital detection methods are available. Objective: This literature review presents the utility and limitations of laser fl uorescence caries detection devices DIAGNOdent (DD) and DIAGNOdent Pen (DDpen) (KaVo Dental GmbH, Biberach/ Riβ, Germany) for carious lesions on the occlusal surfaces of the permanent dentition. Data sources: All available in vitro and in vivo studies from Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus machines corresponding to caries, DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent Pen and laser fl uorescence as key words, were reviewed. Data extraction: Certain limitations of the studies were the inadequate analysis of the experimental protocols, the widespread sample use of the third molar, mistakes in sample handling and the limited number of studies evaluating the detection capability of DD and DDPen for secondary caries. Data synthesis: DD and DDPen are useful devices for caries detection on the occlusal tooth surfaces. Their main advantages are the very high reproducibility of measurements (>0.90), the ease of handling and the quantifi cation and monitoring capacity. Their main limitations are the relatively low specifi city for enamel lesions, the necessity of unstained surfaces and absence of plaque and pastes during measurements and the absence of a universal, clinically functional calibration value (COV). Conclusion: Further studies are required for more reliable data analysis and clinical interpretation of the relevant results. Keywords: caries, DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent Pen, laser fl uorescence, laser.

Use of Digital Diagnostic Aids for Initial Caries Detection: A Review

“…Light with various wavelengths has been used to induce fluorescence in caries lesion, including ultraviolet light (100-400 nm), the green-yellow end of the visible light (370 nm), the blue-violet end of the visible light (400-450 nm), and near-infrared light (750-10,000 nm) [38][39][40]. Fluorescence is a type of luminescence, or the emission of light of longer wavelengths from a substance after absorbing light or other electromagnetic radiation at low wavelengths [41]. The use of fluorescence in caries detection is based on the phenomenon that carious lesions have altered fluorescence properties compared with sound dental tissues.…”

LASER as a tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials: A review

“…In the last decade, lasers have gained diverse applications in dentistry including detection and removal of dental caries [ [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ] as well as testing the pulp vitality [ [15] , [16] , [17] ]. Lasers have also proven to be an efficient tool for performing fast, high precision and minimally damaging cavity cutting of teeth [ 18 , 19 ].…”