Caries selective ablation by pulsed lasers

Hennig, Thomas; Rechmann, Peter; Pilgrim, Christian G.; Schwarzmaier, Hans‐Joachim; Kaufmann, R.

doi:10.1117/12.43995

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…10 Extensive in vitro research has been performed to remove carious tissue in the NUV using a frequency-doubled alexandrite laser (λ = 377 nm). 11,12 Carious dentin is removed at 11.7 μm/pulse, whereas healthy dentin is removed at 0.2 μm/pulse at a fluence of 4 J/cm 2 . 12 (Fluence is also called energy-flux density and energy density with units of energy per unit area.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-ultraviolet removal rates for subgingival dental calculus at different irradiation angles

2011

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The laser ablation rate of subgingival dental calculus irradiated at a 400-nm-wavelength, 7.4-mJ pulse energy, and 85- and 20-deg irradiation angles is measured using laser triangulation. Three-dimensional images taken before and after irradiation create a removal map with 6-μm axial resolution. Fifteen human teeth with subgingival calculus are irradiated in vitro under a cooling water spray with an ∼300-μm-diam, tenth-order super-gaussian beam. The average subgingival calculus removal rates for irradiation at 85 and 20 deg are 11.1±3.6 and 11.5±5.9 μm∕pulse, respectively, for depth removal and 4.5±1.7×10(5) and 4.8±2.3×10(5) μm(3)∕pulse, respectively, for volume removal. The ablation rate is constant at each irradiation site but varies between sites because of the large differences in the physical and optical properties of calculus. Comparison of the average depth- and volume-removal rates does not reveal any dependence on the irradiation angle and is likely due to the surface topology of subgingival calculus samples that overshadows any expected angular dependence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-ultraviolet removal rates for subgingival dental calculus at different irradiation angles

2011

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“…This concept has been clearly demonstrated on enamel using 355-nm, 377-nm, and 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser pulses with without an added absorber. Rechmann and Hennig have shown that near-UV photons of ns-duration are well suited for the selective removal of caries and dental calculus at relatively low incident fluence [1][2][3][4][5]. At the longer laser wavelengths, namely 1064 and 532-nm, markedly higher single pulse energies are required for ablation and there is deep penetration of the laser light which poses a risk to underlying tissue [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective ablation of pit and fissure caries from occlusal surfaces using λ=355-nm laser pulses and air-abrasion demonstrated using PS-OCT and near-IR imaging

2006

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Several past studies have suggested that lasers with and without added chromophores can be used for the selective removal of dental caries from stained pit and fissures in preparation for composite sealant placement with minimal damage to sound, unstained tooth structure. Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is a new nondestructive imaging technology that can be used to acquire images of caries lesions in occlusal surfaces. PS-OCT is ideally suited to measure the caries depth and severity before and after selective removal from occlusal surfaces. In this study, =355-nm laser pulses of 5-ns duration at irradiation intensities ranging from 0.5 -1.3 J/cm 2 were scanned across tooth surfaces to selectively remove decayed enamel with and without the addition of India ink. PS-OCT images were acquired before and after removal. The laser removal was also compared to air abrasion in order to compare selectivity of these two conservative caries removal technologies.

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“…This concept has been clearly demonstrated on enamel using 355-nm, 377-nm, and 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser pulses with or without an added absorber fluence 1-8 . Rechmann and Hennig have shown that near-UV photons of ns-duration are well suited for the selective removal of caries and dental calculus at relatively low incident fluence [1][2][3][4] . At the longer laser wavelengths, namely 1064 and 532-nm, markedly higher single pulse energies are required for ablation and there is deep penetration of the laser light which poses a risk to underlying tissue and the pulp [5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning ablation of root caries with acoustic feedback control

Fan

Fried

2007

SPIE Proceedings

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It has been previously demonstrated that short =355-nm laser pulses can be used for the selective removal of caries lesions and composite restorative materials from occlusal surfaces with minimal damage to the peripheral sound tooth structure. One advantage of laser-systems is they can be integrated with acoustic and optical feedback systems for the automated discrimination of dental caries and restorative materials. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that root caries could be selectively removed from tooth surfaces using a computer controlled laserscanning system coupled with an acoustic feedback system. Dental root caries surfaces on extracted teeth were scanned with =355-nm laser pulses at irradiation intensities ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 J/cm 2 . Acoustic feedback signals were acquired and used to control the laser output and scanning stages were used to position the laser over carious dentin until all the caries were removed to a fixed depth. Polarization optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) was used to acquire images of the root caries lesions before and after removal by the laser in order to assess if ablation was selective. The amplitude of the acoustic waves generated during the ablation of carious dentin was higher than for sound dentin allowing the acoustic feedback system to discriminate between sound and carious dentin. PS-OCT showed that caries were removed to a depth of up to 1.5-mm with minimal peripheral damage to peripheral sound dentin. The acoustic feedback was successfully used to distinguish between root caries and sound dentin, enabling the selective removal of caries from dentin surfaces using a =355-nm, Nd:YAG Q-switched laser system.

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Caries selective ablation by pulsed lasers

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Near-ultraviolet removal rates for subgingival dental calculus at different irradiation angles

Near-ultraviolet removal rates for subgingival dental calculus at different irradiation angles

Selective ablation of pit and fissure caries from occlusal surfaces using λ=355-nm laser pulses and air-abrasion demonstrated using PS-OCT and near-IR imaging

Scanning ablation of root caries with acoustic feedback control

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