Carnosine Did Not Affect Vascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A 14-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

Saadati, Saeede; Cameron, James; Menon, Kirthi; Hodge, Alexander; Lu, Zhong X.; de Courten, Maximilian; Feehan, Jack; de Courten, Barbora

doi:10.3390/nu15224835

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…Carnosine supplementation also limited steatotic liver disease in a rat-disease model [17]. In human-based supplementation studies, carnosine appeared to improve glucose handling [18,19], but had little effect on cardiac or vascular function in at risk individuals [20]. Carnosine supplementation, or administration of carnosine-rich foodstuffs has also shown promise in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of different modalities for measuring in vivo carnosine levels

Amraotkar,

Hoetker,

Negahdar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Carnosine is an endogenous di-peptide (β-alanine -L- histidine) involved in maintaining tissue homeostasis. It is most abundant in skeletal muscle where its concentration has been determined in biopsy samples using tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). Carnosine levels can also be assessed in intact leg muscles by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) or in blood and urine samples using mass spectrometry. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how carnosine levels from these distinct compartments are correlated with each other when measured in the same individual. Furthermore, it is unclear which measurement modality might be most suitable for large-scale clinical studies. Hence, in 31 healthy volunteers, we assessed carnosine levels in skeletal muscle, via 1H-MRS, and in erythrocytes and urine by MS-MS. While muscle carnosine levels were higher in males (C2 peak, p = 0.010; C4 peak, p = 0.018), there was no sex-associated difference in urinary (p = 0.433) or erythrocyte (p = 0.858) levels. In a linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, race, and diet, there was a positive association between erythrocyte and urinary carnosine. However, no association was observed between 1H-MRS and erythrocytes or urinary measures. In the relationship between muscle versus urinary and erythrocyte measures, females had a positive association, while males did not show any association. We also found that 1H-MRS measures were highly sensitive to location of measurement. Thus, it is uncertain whether 1H-MRS can accurately and reliably predict endogenous carnosine levels. In contrast, urinary and erythrocyte carnosine measures may be stable and in greater synchrony, and given financial and logistical concerns, may be a feasible alternative for large-scale clinical studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of different modalities for measuring in vivo carnosine levels

Amraotkar,

Hoetker,

Negahdar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Evaluation of supplementary carnosine accumulation and distribution: an initial analysis of participants in the Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity (NEAT) clinical trial

Baba,

Amraotkar,

Hoetker

et al. 2024

Amino Acids

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Carnosine Supplementation Has No Effect on Inflammatory Markers in Adults with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Saadati,

de Courten,

Deceneux

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background/Objectives: In vitro studies suggest that carnosine reduces inflammation by upregulating anti-inflammatory mediators and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, human clinical trials examining the effects of carnosine on inflammatory biomarkers are scant. We conducted a secondary analysis of a double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effects of carnosine supplementation on inflammatory markers and adipokines in participants with prediabetes or well-controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Out of 88 participants who were recruited, 49 adults with prediabetes or well-controlled T2D (HbA1c: 6.6 ± 0.7% [mean ± SD]) who were treated with diet and/or metformin were eligible for inclusion. Participants were randomised to receive 2 g/day of carnosine or a matching placebo for 14 weeks. We measured serum concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adiponectin, leptin, adipsin, serpin, and resistin levels at baseline and after 14 weeks. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02917928). Results: Forty-one participants (M = 29/F = 12) aged 53 (42.6, 59.3) years [median (IQR)] completed the trial. After 14 weeks of supplementation, changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine and adipokine levels did not differ between the carnosine and placebo groups (p > 0.05 for all). The results remained unchanged after adjustment for confounders including age, sex, and anthropometric measures (e.g., body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue). Conclusions: In individuals with prediabetes and well-controlled T2D, carnosine supplementation did not result in any significant changes in inflammatory markers. Larger RCTs with longer follow-up durations are needed to evaluate whether carnosine may be beneficial in individuals with poorly controlled T2D.

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Carnosine Did Not Affect Vascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A 14-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

Comparative evaluation of different modalities for measuring in vivo carnosine levels

Comparative evaluation of different modalities for measuring in vivo carnosine levels

Evaluation of supplementary carnosine accumulation and distribution: an initial analysis of participants in the Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity (NEAT) clinical trial

Carnosine Supplementation Has No Effect on Inflammatory Markers in Adults with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial

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