Carotenoid protection against oxidation

Krinsky, Norman I.

doi:10.1351/pac197951030649

Cited by 379 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The possible modes of action of the xanthophyll-cycle pigments as lipid photoprotectors in light-stressed leaves can be inferred from previous in vitro studies. When incorporated into liposomal membranes, Z and some other carotenoids protect against dye-sensitized lipid peroxidation [21]. This effect can be explained by the well-recognized activity of carotenoids as Table 1 Effects of a non-photoinhibitory light treatment at 230C (900 #E. 'preventive' antioxidants that deactivate singlet oxygen [21] and free radical scavengers [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When incorporated into liposomal membranes, Z and some other carotenoids protect against dye-sensitized lipid peroxidation [21]. This effect can be explained by the well-recognized activity of carotenoids as Table 1 Effects of a non-photoinhibitory light treatment at 230C (900 #E. 'preventive' antioxidants that deactivate singlet oxygen [21] and free radical scavengers [22,23]. In chloroplast membranes, the major part of the antiradical activity has been attributed to unsaponifiable lipids, with the main contribution being made by ~-tocopherol and dihydroxycarotenoids [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The protective function of the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthesis

Sarry

Montillet

Sauvaire³

et al. 1994

FEBS Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapid conversion of the carotenoid violaxanthin to zeaxanthin via antheraxanthin (xanthophyll cycle) in potato leaves exposed at 23 ° C to a strong white light of 2000/iE. m -2-s-I was associated with a slight inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (as estimated from chlorophyll fluorescence measurements) and a low lipid peroxidation (as estimated from ethane measurements). When the xanthophyll cycle was blocked by dithiothreitol (3 mM) or low temperature (3°C), photoinhibition of electron transport was exacerbated and pronounced lipid peroxidation occurred concomitantly. Accumulation of zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin in potato leaves by a non-photoinhibitory light treatment at 230C (900/.rE-m -2. sfor 1 h) considerably reduced the level of lipid peroxidation during subsequent light stress at 3°C. The presented results indicate that one of the functions of the xanthophyll cycle could be the protection of thylakoid membranes against lipid peroxidation, suggesting that zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin synthesized in strong light are present as free pigments in the membrane lipid bilayer.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective function of the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthesis

Sarry

Montillet

Sauvaire³

et al. 1994

FEBS Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…values A . brasilense Cd produced red carotenoids, which are apparently capable of protecting the cell against oxidative damage, because of their ability to quench singlet oxygen and possibly oxygen radicals (Krinsky, 1979). In addition, carotenoids may act as a rigid…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Tension on Production of Carotenoids, poly- -hydroxybutyrate, Succinate Oxidase and Superoxide Dismutase by Azospirillum brasilense Cd Grown in Continuous Culture

1982

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Azospirillum brasilense strain Cd was grown in a medium containing NHZ in a chemostat at a range of constant dissolved oxygen tensions (d.0. t.) (0-0074.18 atm). Poly-P-hydroxybutyrate (up to 12% of the cell dry weight) increased under oxygen limitation and moderate dilution rate ( D = 0.14 h-l). The highest carotenoid content was observed at high d.0.t. and dilution rates up to 0.12 h-l. The amount of protein varied with d.0.t. from 0-29 mg protein (mg dry wt)-' at 0.007 atm to 0.54 mg at 0-18 atm. The yield efficiency and respiration rate were highest at low d.0.t. and decreased significantly at a d.0.t. of 0.18 atm. Succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase activities increased 2.5-fold at 0.1 0-0-18 atm 0, , whereas succinate oxidase and NADH oxidase activities increased consistently with increasing d.0.t. Azospirillum brasilense showed a low specific activity for catalase; the specific activity of superoxide dismutase increased sharply above 0.1 6 atm 02. INTRODUCTIONAlthough capable of aerobic growth, rhizosphere bacteria of the genus Azospirillum are capable of fixing molecular nitrogen only under low p 0 2 (0.005 atm), probably because of the inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen and its radicals (Okon et al., 1976a; Day & Dobereiner, 1976;Nelson & Knowles, 1978).In recent studies (Nur et al., Okon et al., 1980), it was found that although A. brasilense was capable of growing at faster rates at high pOz in the presence of NH4C1, if given the choice and in spite of the presence of combined nitrogen, A . brasilense actively sought microaerobic conditions, i.e. it developed as a pellicle below the surface in semi-solid medium or it entered capillaries containing only water or phosphate buffer, forming a band which moved towards a decreasing PO, gradient (aerotaxis to low p02). When grown on N 2 at low PO,, A . brasilense strain Sp7 formed poly-P-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) which amounted to about 30% of the cell dry weight, whereas in cells growing under high PO, in the presence of NH4C1, PHB formed less than 1 % of the cells weight (Okon et aZ., 1976 b). Nur et al. (198 1) reported that red-pigmented A.brasilense strain Cd produced carotenoids, apparently involved in the protection of A . brasilense Cd nitrogenase from 0 2 .Carotenoid synthesis started in liquid static cultures only after the concentration of NH4Cl in the medium had decreased and N,-fixation became evident. Carotenoid synthesis did not occur under microaerobic conditions. When carotenoid synthesis was specifically inhibited in the presence of diphenylamine, the rate of acetylene reduction in strain Cd decreased by 50%.Carbon-limited chemostat cultures of A . brasilense Sp7 have bean studied on N-free medium at various dissolved oxygen concentrations (Nelson & Knowles, 1978). In this work we report the behaviour of A . brasilense Cd in the presence of NH4C1 in a chemostat, under different dissolved O2 concentrations and different dilution rates. (NBS model M1016-0208). The oxygen probe was calibrated initially by passing pure nitrogen an...

show abstract

“…Many Azospirillum strains exhibit a faint pink colour from carotenoid pigments, and a few are coloured deep red or yellow by carotenoids (Tarrand et al, 1978;Nur et al, 1981). Carotenoids counteract photo-oxidative damage (Krinsky, 1979) and they actively quench singlet oxygen and have chain-breaking ability in radical-mediated autoxidation reactions (Burton & Ingold, 1984) ; they also control lipid peroxidation at low oxygen concentrations (Burton & Ingold, 1984).…”

Section: A H a R T M A N N A N D T H U R E Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Carotenoid Overproduction on Oxygen Tolerance of Nitrogen Fixation in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7

Hartmann¹,

Hurek

1988

Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carotenoid-overproducing mutants of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, which contained about 100 times more carotenoids than the wild-type, were obtained after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. Growth studies with one of these mutants in oxygen-controlled batch and continuous cultures revealed a slightly improved oxygen tolerance of nitrogen fixation in the mutant as compared to the wild-type. The production of carotenoids was greatly enhanced by increasing the oxygen concentration under nitrogen-deficient conditions. Although nitrogen fixation was severely inhibited by increased oxygen concentrations, in both the mutant and the wild-type, the mutant showed significantly greater efficiency of nitrogen fixation at 12 PM dissolved oxygen, and it fixed five times more total nitrogen than the wild-type under these conditions. In conclusion, high levels of carotenoids slightly enhanced the oxygen tolerance of Azospirillum brasilense under conditions of oxygen stress, but did not extend the optimum p 0 2 for nitrogen fixation to higher oxygen concentrations.

show abstract

Carotenoid protection against oxidation

Cited by 379 publications

References 74 publications

The protective function of the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthesis

The protective function of the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthesis

Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Tension on Production of Carotenoids, poly- -hydroxybutyrate, Succinate Oxidase and Superoxide Dismutase by Azospirillum brasilense Cd Grown in Continuous Culture

Effect of Carotenoid Overproduction on Oxygen Tolerance of Nitrogen Fixation in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About