Carotid artery volume flow: in vivo measurement with time-domain-processing US.

Westra, Sjirk J.; Levy, Denis; Chaloupka, John C.; Hill, Jennifer G.; Robert, J; Sayre, James W.; Viñuela, Fernando

doi:10.1148/radiology.202.3.9051025

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These systems have been tested in vitro and in vivo and have proved to be highly accurate, with acceptable intraoperator and interoperator variability. 13,14 Nomographic data have been established, showing gender and age as the only relevant parameters to influence the carotid volume flow. 15,16 Our study was conducted to correlate identical hemodynamic parameters (i.e., flow volume in milliliters per minute) obtained from the heart and the brain-supplying arteries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of association between carotid artery volume blood flow and cardiac output.

Eicke

Schlichting²,

Mohr-Ahaly³

et al. 2001

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objective. The correlation of cardiac output and cerebral perfusion is unclear. We tested this potential association by correlating cardiac output data obtained by echocardiography and cerebral blood flow data as determined by color M-mode measurements of carotid artery blood flow. Methods. We studied 43 patients with a broad spectrum of cardiac performance by means of transthoracic echocardiography. In these patients, different cardiac indices such as stroke volume, ejection fraction, and heart minute volume were determined. The data were correlated with volumetric flow measurements (color M-mode duplex system) of the common carotid arteries bilaterally. Results. Heart minute volume ranged from 1.632 to 9.836 mL/min (mean ± SD, 4.652 ± 1.621 mL/min); ejection fraction ranged from 18% to 76% (mean, 48% ± 16%). The relative fraction of carotid volume flow compared with heart minute volume was 15% ± 6%. There was no correlation between ejection fraction, stroke volume, or heart minute volume and absolute volume flow in the carotid arteries when being adjusted for age. There was a highly significant inverse correlation (r = -0.8; P < .0001) of the relative fraction of the carotid volume flow (carotid volume flow/heart minute volume [percent]) and the heart minute volume. Conclusion. Our data support the concept that cerebral blood flow is independent of cardiac output. Key words: cardiac output; cerebrovascular circulation; ultrasonography.Received January 18, 2001, from the Departments of Neurology (B.M.E., J.v.S., H.C.H.) and Cardiology (S.M.-K., A.S., R.S.v.B.) Abbreviations ASV, absolute stroke volume; BS, body surface; CBF, cerebral blood flow; CCA, common carotid artery; CI, cardiac index; EDV, end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; ESV, end-systolic volume; HMV, heart minute volume; HR, heart rate; LV, left ventricular; RSV, relative stroke volume; SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography; Vol, volume erebral autoregulation maintains constant brain perfusion over a wide blood pressure range between 60 and 150 mm Hg. 1 Within these limits, cerebral blood flow (CBF) is not directly correlated with cerebral perfusion pressure. 2 A review of the literature suggests that the impact of cardiac output on CBF is uncertain, with conflicting data in animals, healthy volunteers, and neurosurgical or cardiologic patients. [3][4][5][6][7][8] In addition, methodological differences to define CBF enhance difficulties with interpreting these studies. Cerebral blood flow was assessed by means of singlephoton emission computed tomography (SPECT) 3,6,7 or blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery. 9 These methods are difficult, because they either require radioactive tracers (SPECT) or reflect only flow velocity (transcranial Doppler ultrasonography) rather than flow volume data. Clinical trials comparing xenon Xe 133 SPECT and transcranial Doppler data revealed conflict-

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of association between carotid artery volume blood flow and cardiac output.

Eicke

Schlichting²,

Mohr-Ahaly³

et al. 2001

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Color Doppler measures true blood-flow (in ml/min) [31,32]. During SCS, we observed a bilateral blood-flow increase in CCA on the healthy as well as the tumor sides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Modification of loco-regional microenvironment in brain tumors by spinal cord stimulation. Implications for radio-chemotherapy

Clavo

Robaina

Valcarcel³

et al. 2011

J Neurooncol

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The effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in high grade gliomas (HGG) depends on tumor micro-environment. We summarize our experience of the influence of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on this micro-environment. Patients with HGG (n = 26) were assessed pre- and post-SCS, using: (1) Doppler in middle cerebral arteries (MCA) and (2) in common carotid arteries (CCA); (3) tumor blood-flow using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); (4) tumor-pO(2) (mmHg) using polarographic probes (eight tumor areas from five patients); and (5) tumor glucose metabolism using (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ((18)FDG) positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET). Pre-SCS: tumor blood-flow was lower (P < 0.001) than peri-tumor areas and healthy contra-lateral areas. Tumor-pO(2) was lower (P < 0.042) than healthy tissue. Tumor glucose metabolism was higher than peri-tumor areas (P = 0.017) and healthy contra-lateral areas (P = 0.048). Post-SCS: there were increases in: MCA blood-flow (P ≤ 0.002), CCA blood-flow (P ≤ 0.013), tumor blood-flow (P = 0.033), tumor glucose metabolism (P = 0.027) and tumor-pO(2) (P = 0.022). The percentage of hypoxic values decreased (P = 0.007). SCS can modify tumor micro-environment. The potential usefulness of SCS in improving the effectiveness of radio-chemotherapy in HGG needs to be evaluated.

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“…Although several imaging techniques are currently available to assess CBF [41], Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive, accurate, and very reliable method to assess CBF [42]. Blood flow volume in the internal carotid artery is an indicator of CBF in the corresponding hemisphere as shown in linear correlation with 133 Xe clearance technique [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood flow volume in the internal carotid artery is an indicator of CBF in the corresponding hemisphere as shown in linear correlation with 133 Xe clearance technique [42,43]. Common carotid artery is divided into internal and external carotid arteries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral blood flow alteration following acute myocardial infarction in mice

Kaplan

Yabluchanskiy²,

Ghali

et al. 2018

Bioscience Reports

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Heart failure is associated with low cardiac output (CO) and low brain perfusion that imposes a significant risk for accelerated brain ageing and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. Although clinical heart failure can emerge several years following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the impact of AMI on cerebral blood flow (CBF) at early stages and up to 30 days following MI is unknown. Sixteen months old male mice underwent left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. Hemodynamics analyses were performed at baseline and at days 1, 7, and 30 post-MI. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), LV volumes, CO, and right common carotid artery (RCCA) diameter were recorded by echocardiography. RCCA flow (RCCA FL) was measured by Doppler echocardiography. LV volumes consistently increased (P<0.0012) and LV systolic function progressively deteriorated (P<0.0001) post-MI. CO and RCCA FL showed a moderate but significant decrease over the course of MI with similar fluctuation pattern such that both variables were decreased at day 1, increased at day 7, and decreased at 30 days post-MI. Correlation and regression analyses between CO and RCCA FL showed a strong correlation with significance at baseline and day 30 post-MI (R = 0.71, P=0.03, and R = 0.72, P=0.03, respectively). Days 1 and 7 analyses between CO and RCCA FL showed moderate correlation with non-significance post-MI (R = 0.51, P=0.2, and R = 0.56, P=0.12, respectively). In summary, CBF significantly decreased following AMI and remained significantly decreased for up to 30 days, suggesting a potential risk for brain damage that could contribute to cognitive dysfunction later in life.

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Carotid artery volume flow: in vivo measurement with time-domain-processing US.

Abstract: Because of operator errors, measurements with time-domain processing should be repeated at least three times to ensure accuracy and may be inaccurate in flow rates over 500 mL/min.

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Lack of association between carotid artery volume blood flow and cardiac output.

Lack of association between carotid artery volume blood flow and cardiac output.

Modification of loco-regional microenvironment in brain tumors by spinal cord stimulation. Implications for radio-chemotherapy

Cerebral blood flow alteration following acute myocardial infarction in mice

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