Carotid intima-media thickness for the practicing lipidologist

Liviakis, Lea; Pogue, Brian W.; Paramsothy, Pathmaja; Bourne, Alicia; Gill, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2009.11.004

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…25 Furthermore, we collected the present data from untreated and middle-aged individuals, who might be substantially more susceptible to IMT progression. 26 Taken together, we could say that the current data regarding the annual increase of mean IMT of around 0.030-0.050 mm might be within reasonable range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Smoking Promotes Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Apparently Healthy Men

Shoji

Nishida

Ishii

et al. 2012

Circ J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Smoking Promotes Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Apparently Healthy Men

Shoji

Nishida

Ishii

et al. 2012

Circ J

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“…Recent studies demonstrate an augmented intima media thickness (IMT) and an increased pulse wave velocity (PWV) in ESRD patients. Since IMT and PWV are proportional to calcification [7], these parameters are capable surrogate markers for vascular calcification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Magnesium and Clinical Biomarkers on Inhibition of Vascular Calcification

et al. 2011

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Background: Arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are strongly associated with vascular calcification. Hyperphosphatemia is an essential risk factor for increased vascular calcification. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients could serve as an in vivo model for accelerated calcification. This study focuses on the most likely protective effects of magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) on phosphate-induced vascular calcification ex vivo/in vitro. Furthermore, plasma Mg²⁺ concentrations of ESRD and healthy controls were investigated for association with surrogate parameters of vascular calcification in vivo. Methods: Aortic segments of male Wistar-Kyoto rats were incubated and the phosphate concentration of the medium was elevated. The aortic segments were incubated in the absence and presence of MgCl₂; tissue calcification was quantified by different methods. Serum Mg²⁺ concentrations of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 5; ESRD) and patients without CKD (controls) were associated with carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) as surrogate parameter for arteriosclerosis and arterial stiffening. Results: Incubation of aortic segments in the presence of β-glycerophosphate and NaH₂PO₄ caused an increased tissue Ca²⁺ deposition compared to control conditions. This increased amount of Ca²⁺ in the aortic rings was significantly decreased in the presence of Mg²⁺. In CKD patients, but not in controls, magnesium serum concentration was associated with the IMT of the carotid arteries. In addition, CKD patients with higher magnesium serum concentration had a significantly lower PWV. Discussion and Conclusion: Elevated phosphate concentrations in the culture media induce ex vivo/in vitro medial calcification in intact rat aortic rings in the presence of alkaline phosphatase. Mg²⁺ ions reduced ex vivo/in vitro vascular calcification despite increased phosphate concentration. This hypothesis is additionally based on the fact that CKD patients with high Mg² serum levels had significantly lower IMT and PWV values, which may result in a lower risk for cardiovascular events and mortality in these patients. Therefore, Mg²⁺ supplementation may be an option for treatment and prevention of vascular calcification resulting in a reduction of cardiovascular events in CKD patients.

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“…Besides, cIMT was measured from the far wall of the common carotid artery, since it has been reported to be the most appropriate site for IMT measurement, compared with other vascular sites (21 because identification of the identical carotid segment on return visits is challenging (22). For this reason, we intended to evaluate the potential value of single cIMT measurement on decisionmaking for further diagnostic work-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can single cIMT measurement during echocardiography affect further investigation decision for coronary artery disease?

Karaçalıoğlu¹,

İnce²,

Emer³

et al. 2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate whether there is any potential role of the measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) during the echocardiography session on decision-making to refer patients for further diagnostic evaluation such as gated myocardial perfusion imaging (gMPI). Methods: cIMT of 199 consecutive patients was measured during the echocardiography session and all patients underwent gMPI. According to gMPI results, patients were divided into two groups as CAD and normal groups and according to cIMT measurements patients were divided into four subgroups. Results: Although, there was a good correlation between the age and cIMT values of the patients (r=0.546, p<0.001), the correlation between the summed stress scores and the age of the patients was very weak (r=0.142, p=0.045) and the correlation between the summed stress scores and the cIMT values was very weak (r=0.107, p=0.131). The cIMT measurements of the CAD group (0.74±0.17 mm) were significantly higher than those of the normal group (0.67±0.16 mm) (p=0.012), but after the age correction, the significance between the cIMT measurements of the CAD and the normal groups was not found (p=0.131). Besides, the relationship between the categorical cIMT values of both the CAD and the normal groups was insignificant (p=0.059) and the correlation between the increasing cIMT values and the presence of detectable CAD was also very weak (r=0.187, p=0.08). Conclusion: cIMT can predict occurrence of cardiovascular events in subjects, but single cIMT measurement during echocardiographic examination does not seem to have potential role on decision making for further investigation in patients with suspected CAD. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2013; 13: 473-9) Key words: Carotid intima-media thickness, gated myocardial perfusion imaging, atherosclerosis, ultrasonography Original Investigation Özgün Araşt›rma 473Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, şüpheli koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) olan olguların ekokardiyografi oturumu esnasında ölçülen karotis intima-mediya kalınlığının (kIMK), gated miyokardiyal perfüzyon görüntüleme (gMPG) gibi daha ileri tanısal yöntemlere yönlendirilmesinde olası bir rolünün olup olmadığının araştırılmasıdır.Yöntemler: Ekokardiyografi esnasında kIMK ölçülen 199 ardışık hastaya gMPG yapılmıştır. gMPG sonuçlarına göre hastalar normal ve KAH olmak üzere iki gruba, kIMK ölçümlerine göre ise hastalar dört alt kategorik gruba ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların yaşı ve kIMK ölçümleri arasında iyi bir korelasyon (r=0,546, p<0,001) saptanırken, "summed stress" skorları ile hastaların yaşları arasındaki korelasyon zayıf (r=0,142, p=0,045) ve "summed stress" skorları ile kIMK ölçümleri arasındaki korelasyon ise çok zayıf (r=0,107, p=0,131) olarak bulunmuştur. KAH olan grubun kIMK ölçümleri (0,74±0,17 mm) normal gruba (0,67±0,16 mm) oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek (p=0,012) iken, yaş düzeltmesi yapıldıktan sonra bu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farkın kaybolduğu gözlenmiştir (...

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Carotid intima-media thickness for the practicing lipidologist

Cited by 34 publications

References 65 publications

Smoking Promotes Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Apparently Healthy Men

Smoking Promotes Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Apparently Healthy Men

Relationship between Magnesium and Clinical Biomarkers on Inhibition of Vascular Calcification

Can single cIMT measurement during echocardiography affect further investigation decision for coronary artery disease?

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