Carotid Stenosis and Peripheral Artery Disease in Japanese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Kawarada, Osami; Yokoi, Yoshiaki; Morioka, Nobuyuki; Nakata, Satoshi; Higashiue, Shinichi; Mori, Toshifumi; Iwahashi, M; Hatada, Atsutoshi

doi:10.1253/circj.67.1003

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…1,[8][9][10] It is also associated with consistent and widespread changes in small arteries and arterioles that rarely occur in nonsmokers and are independent of the atherosclerotic process. [11][12][13] Further, there is abundant evidence for a strong association between cigarette smoking and extracranial carotid artery morphologic changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Cigarette Smoking-Induced Hemodynamic Alterations in the Common Carotid Artery-A Transcranial Doppler Study-

Barutçu

Esen

Değirmenci³

et al. 2004

Circ J

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moking is known as a major risk factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease; 1 but despite extensive research, the pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for smoking-related vascular damage have not been elicited. In addition to alterations in hemostatic factors, endothelial function and blood lipids, the dynamic properties of the arterial wall may play an important role. 2 There is evidence that the compliance of both large and medium-sized arteries decreases immediately after smoking a cigarette. 3,4 It has also been shown that smoking increases cerebral blood flow velocity and reduces vasomotor reactivity for 10-30 min as revealed by transcranial Doppler sonography. 5 Ultrasound and Doppler methods are ideally suited for bedside examinations; Doppler and duplex techniques have been used to estimate cerebral blood flow in healthy adults by measuring flow volumes of the common carotid artery (CCA). 6,7 The aim of the present study was to determine the instantaneous effects of smoking a cigarette on CCA hemodynamics such as flow velocity and waveform parameters in healthy nonsmokers. Circulation Journal Vol.68, December 2004 MethodsSixteen healthy nonsmokers (12 males, 4 females; mean age 27±4 years), who had undergone a prior complete physical and echocardiographic examination to determine that they did not have a medical history or physical signs of cerebrovascular disease, comprised the study group. All subjects were asked to refrain from food intake and caffeine-containing beverages for at least 8 h before participating in the study, which was carried out between 09.00 h and 12.00 h. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant.Each subject rested in the supine position for at least 15 min on a comfortable bed in the test room to stabilize heart rate. Color duplex sonography of the entire extracranial carotid system was performed using a 7.0-MHz linear array transducer of a combined sonography system (Toshiba, Nemio 20, Tokyo, Japan). All participants were examined while supine with the head hyperextended and turned away from the side being scanned. The site of measurement was approximately 1.5 cm below the carotid bulb in the CCA. The B-mode image was magnified to achieve a higher resolution of detail and enable the luminal diameter of the vessels to be measured optimally. Because the CCA expanded markedly during a cardiac cycle, M-mode registration, noting minimum and maximum diameters, was used. In the color Doppler mode, the velocity range of the color scale was set slightly higher than the Nyquist limit to enable easy detection of flow disturbances. Pulsed Doppler measurement was done using a sample volume covering the entire luminal width. Flow velocities were recorded Background Cigarette smoking has been shown to temporarily alter cerebral flow velocity and vasomotor reactivity, so the aim of this study was to assess the acute effects of smoking a single cigarette on the common carotid artery (CCA) hemodynamics in healthy nonsmokers. Method and Resul...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Cigarette Smoking-Induced Hemodynamic Alterations in the Common Carotid Artery-A Transcranial Doppler Study-

Barutçu

Esen

Değirmenci³

et al. 2004

Circ J

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“…26 In addition, 24% of patients with ACL Predictors of aortic complicated lesions Y Terasawa et al had PAD. 3 In the present study, PAD (ABIo0.9) was more frequent in the ACL group than in the non-ACL group (18 vs. 4%), whereas most patients (73%) with PAD had ACL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of aortic complicated lesions in stroke patients

et al. 2009

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Aortic complicated lesions (ACLs) should be associated with cerebral infarction. Our aim was to develop a simple clinical scale (ACL scale) to predict the presence of ACL. Consecutive stroke patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) examination were prospectively enrolled. We defined ACL as the presence of 44 mm wall thickness, ulceration or mobile plaque in aortic arch. We also examined carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), ankle-brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse-wave velocity (baPWV). We compared the clinical characteristics of patients with ACL (ACL group) and without ACL (non-ACL group), and devised a new ACL scale to predict the presence of ACL. In all, 165 patients (male 108, age 66.9 years) were enrolled and of these, 38% had ACL. The patients of the ACL group were older than those of the non-ACL group (73.0±10.2 vs. 63.1±13.6 years, P¼0.001). Peripheral artery disease (PAD) was more frequent in the ACL group (18 vs. 4%, P¼0.004). IMT was thicker in ACL group than in the non-ACL group (1.29 ± 0.74 vs. 1.11 ± 0.79 mm, P¼0.002), and baPWV was higher in the ACL group (2164.2 ± 643.2 vs. 1833.7 ± 492.9 cm s À1 , P¼0.001). We used three variables for determining the ACL scale score; (1) age 470, (2) presence of PAD and (3) smoking. The frequencies of ACL associated with ACL scale scores were as follows: 6% of patients with ACL scale score 0, 40% with score 1, 58% with score 2 and 100% with score 3. The ACL scale can predict the presence of aortic complicated lesions.

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“…17) Conversely, the frequencies of concurrence of CS in CAD and PAD patients have also been reported. 11,29) Kawarada et al 16) observed that CAD was complicated by CS in 13.7% and by PAD in 15.3% of the 380 patients who underwent elective CABG and reported the necessity of screening patients with cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases. 11) Marek et al 29) performed carotid artery ultrasound in 188 patients showing claudication with no history of cerebrovascular disorder and reported that ≥50% internal CS was noted in 24.5% and that it was occluded in 2.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15) An ABI of <0.9 on either side was defined as PAD, 16) and stenosis with a peak systolic velocity of ≥180 cm/sec on either side on renal artery ultrasound was defined as RAS. 17) The patients were divided into those with one or more atherosclerotic diseases (CAD, sCAD, PAD, and RAS) (systemic atherosclerosis [SA] group) and those with no atherosclerotic diseases (non-systemic atherosclerosis [non-SA] group), 18) and the characteristics of each group and the frequencies of underlying diseases were compared.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid Artery Stenosis as a Part of Atherosclerosis

Seguchi

Shibata

Nakajima

et al. 2018

JNET

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Objective: There have been few reports on the frequency of atherosclerotic diseases complicating carotid artery stenosis. This study was conducted to clarify the frequency of various atherosclerotic diseases concurrent with carotid artery stenosis that required revascularization. Methods:Examinations concerning various atherosclerotic diseases were reviewed using clinical records of 152 consecutive patients who underwent carotid artery stenting from January 2012 to October 2016 at our hospital. The patients were also divided into those with systemic atherosclerosis (SA group) and those without SA (non-SA group), and their characteristics were analyzed. Results:Of the 152 patients, carotid artery stenosis was complicated by other atherosclerotic diseases in 50 (32.9%), of whom 28 (18.4%) had coronary artery disease, 23 (15.1%) had peripheral artery disease, and 3 (2.0%) had renal artery stenosis. In the SA group, the frequencies of diabetes and dyslipidemia were significantly higher, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was higher, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were lower. Conclusion:Carotid artery stenosis that required revascularization was frequently complicated by other atherosclerotic diseases. It is considered necessary to treat carotid artery stenosis with the prevention of cardiovascular events.

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Carotid Stenosis and Peripheral Artery Disease in Japanese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Acute Cigarette Smoking-Induced Hemodynamic Alterations in the Common Carotid Artery-A Transcranial Doppler Study-

Acute Cigarette Smoking-Induced Hemodynamic Alterations in the Common Carotid Artery-A Transcranial Doppler Study-

Predictors of aortic complicated lesions in stroke patients

Carotid Artery Stenosis as a Part of Atherosclerosis

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