Carrier Rate of Pasteurella Multocida in a Cattle Herd Associated with an Outbreak of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in the Sudan

Mustafa, Ala; Ghalib, H. W.; Shigidi, M.T.A.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1935(17)33440-1

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Death often occurs within 6 to 24 hours of the onset of signs and mortality ranges between 50 to 100% (BVA, 1976). Young cattle appear to be more susceptible to HS (Mustafa et al, 1978) as occurred in this outbreak. Characteristic post-mortem findings include widespread petechiation and oedema with excessive serosanguinous fluid in body cavities (BVA, 1976;Jubb et al, 198~6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In southern Europe, North America and South East Asia strain 6B is most often identified in outbreaks of HS, while in Africa strain 6E is usually responsible (Bain, 1959;Carter, 1961;Rhoades et al, 1967;Hummel, 1970;Shigidi and Mustafa, 1979;Francis et al, 1980;Loses, 1986). Up to 45% of healthy cattle from herds where outbreaks have occurred may carry the relevant strain on tonsillar and nasopharyngeal mucosae (Mustafa et al, 1978;Blood et al, 1983;De Alwis et al, 1986), while in HS=free herds, only up to 5% of cattle are positive (Wijewardana et al, 1986a;Roth, 1987). Animals with HS excrete P. multocida in saliva, nasal discharge (BVA, 1976) and faeces (Jubb et al, 1985) and, although its survival time in the environment is short (Bain, 1957;Blood et al, 1983), environmental contamination provides a source of infection for susceptible animals (BVA, 1976).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Administration of immune serum is reported to be of no value (Chong and Cheah, 1963;Collins, 1977), but vaccination can provide immunity for up to a year (Nagy and Penn, 1976;De Alwis and Carter, 1980), providing that appropriate strains are used. Endotoxin-free subunit vaccines and streptomycin-dependent mutant strain vaccines have been developed recently (De Alwis and Carter, 1980;Blood et aL, 1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outbreaks are often associated with the monsoons, particularly in lowlying, wet, cold regions (BVA, 1976;Blood et al, 1983). While most references describe HS as occurring in Africa in general (Carter, 1967;Rhoades et al, 1967;BVA, 1976;Losos, 1986), HS has been specifically reported in cattle in the Sudan (Thomas, 1972;Mustafa et al, 1978), Nigeria (Anosa and Isoun, 1975), Tanzania (Hummel, 1970) and Central Africa (Carter, 1961). Severe outbreaks occurred in neighbouring Zambia in 1976, 1977to 1978and 1984(Francis et al, 1980Zyambo et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) in cattle in Zimbabwe

Mitchell

Kock

Hill

et al. 1992

Trop Anim Health Prod

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An outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by Pasteurella multocida in beef cattle in Zimbabwe grazing effluent-irrigated pastures, is described. The outbreak occurred during the wet summer months and predisposing stress factors included excessive rainfall and unusual cold weather during the preceding month. History, clinical features and post-mortem findings were consistent with reports of the disease from other countries, except that meningitis was also a constant feature. Morbidity approached 77% and mortality 5 per cent. Prophylactic treatment and vaccination with a killed bacterin together with a return of warmer and drier weather were probably important in halting the outbreak.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) in cattle in Zimbabwe

Mitchell

Kock

Hill

et al. 1992

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Classical HS as defined is caused by PM Asian serotypes B:2, identified in most areas where the disease is endemic, and African serotype E:2 found only in Africa (Carter and Heddleston classification system). The prevalence of disease is higher during monsoon when humidity and temperature are high and characterized by an acute, highly fatal septicemia with high morbidity and mortality [1][2][3][4][5]. In India, the frequency of disease outbreaks varies considerably in different states and from year to year in each state [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity against Pasteurella multocida in Animals Vaccinated with Inactivated Pasteurella multocida and Herbal Adjuvant 'DIP-HIP'

Tanwar¹,

Yadav²,

Brijbhushan³

et al. 2016

J Vaccines Immunol

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Background: Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is acute, highly contagious form of disease of water buffalo, cattle, and bison caused by Pasteurella multocida (PM). It is considered the most economically important bacterial disease of cattle and buffalo, .in tropical areas of Asia, particularly in Southeast Asia. PM is a gram-negative coccobacillus, belonging to Pasteurellaceae family. PM is transmitted either during direct contact or via fomites by ingestion or inhalation via contaminated feed and water. Currently, there are no broadly protective vaccines -adjuvant formulation with long-lasting immunity available against HS. Aluminium-based mineral salts such as alum are the only immunologic adjuvants. Herbal adjuvants are evaluated extensively to replace the classical adjuvants being safe and efficacious.Result: In the present study, one herbal adjuvant DIP-HIP is evaluated with inactivated PM (iPM) antigen as vaccine in both small (mice) as well as big (cattle) animals for its efficacy. The results suggest that after single booster DIP-HIP + iPM emulsion gave maximum antibody titres in comparison to iPM alone or Alum + iPM in both mice as well as seronegative cattle. To further confirm the potential of DIP-HIP adjuvant formulation with iPM antigen in providing protection against HS, the median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of PM was determined (1 X 10 7 CFU/ml), following which DIP-HIP + iPM emulsion immunized mice were challenged with this dose. The DIP-HIP containing formulation turned out to be broadly protective against HS with long-lasting immunity. Conclusion:DIP-HIP is a potential adjuvant, which can be used in HS vaccines to provide extended immunity.The cattle are infected when they ingest or inhale the causative organism. Buffaloes have been found to be more vulnerable than cattle to HS with shorter course of disease and mortality reaching 100% if not treated at early stage [9]. The characteristic lesion of HS is swelling of the subcutis and muscle of the submandibular region, neck, and brisket by clear to blood-tinged edema fluid. Hemorrhages are often most prominent in the pharyngeal and cervical lymph nodes. The infected animals show typical symptoms of HS such as pyrexia, hypersalivation, nasal discharge, sudden drop of milk yield, abdominal pain, severe diarrhea and dysentry, rapid respiration and cyanotic mucus membrane before death [10]. Clinical diagnosis of HS in endemic areas is based on history, lapses in vaccination, environmental conditions, and the typical clinical signs while a definitive diagnosis of HS is based on isolation of PM serotype B:2 or E:2 (or other less common serotypes recognized by the OIE as causing HS) from the blood and tissues of an animal with above mentioned characteristic signs. The passive mouse protection test using specific B:2 and E:2 immune rabbit sera has been used in Asia and Africa to identify different serotypes of PM (The Merck Veterinary Manual).If administered very early in the disease, antimicrobials drugs such as sulfonamides, tetracyclines, penicillin, g...

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Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (Pasteurella Multocida Serotype B:2 and E:2 Infection) in Cattle and Buffaloes

Alwis

1995

Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, and Pasteurella

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Carrier Rate of Pasteurella Multocida in a Cattle Herd Associated with an Outbreak of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in the Sudan

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

An outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) in cattle in Zimbabwe

An outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) in cattle in Zimbabwe

Immunity against Pasteurella multocida in Animals Vaccinated with Inactivated Pasteurella multocida and Herbal Adjuvant 'DIP-HIP'

Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (Pasteurella Multocida Serotype B:2 and E:2 Infection) in Cattle and Buffaloes

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