Carrying capacity in a heterogeneous environment with habitat connectivity

Zhang, Bo; Kula, Alex; Mack, Keenan M. L.; Zhai, Lu; Ryce, Arrix L.; Ni, Wei Ming; Jiang, Jiang; Dyken, J. David Van

doi:10.1111/ele.12807

Cited by 95 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Similarly, a hydropeaking mitigation project [19][20][21] and the change of dam operation was investigated with respect to the ecological requirements downstream from the dam [8,22,23]. Physical habitat simulations are heavily dependent on the given discharge, especially on a regulated river by an upstream dam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant Fish and Macroinvertebrate Response to Flow Changes of the Geum River in Korea

Kang

Choi

2018

Water

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This study presents the impact of natural flow patterns on downstream aquatic species habitats in a reach of the Geum River, Korea. The study reach is a 13.4 km long, located downstream of the Yongdam Dam. To assess such an impact, this study performed physical habitat simulations. The River2D model was used for the computation of the flow field and morphology, and the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the habitat simulation. Three habitat variables-flow depth, velocity, and substrate were used. The Zacco platypus and Baetis fuscatus were selected as the target fish and benthic macro-invertebrate, respectively. Using the building block approach (BBA), the scenarios for modifying dam operations were constructed in the study reach. Scenario 1, scenario 2, and scenario 3 were proposed by using the magnitude-duration concept, base flow allocation concept, and seasonally adjusted minimum flow allocation concept, respectively. Simulation results indicated that the scenarios' effects significantly increased by about 14.3% for the weighted usable area (WUA). In addition, the morphology change with the restoration of flood events was investigated. It was revealed that the morphology change in the physical habitat simulations further increased by about 13% for the WUA. The change of dam operations through natural flow patterns is more advantageous to aquatic species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant Fish and Macroinvertebrate Response to Flow Changes of the Geum River in Korea

Kang

Choi

2018

Water

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“…This approach is suitable for describing a population in space. It will be shown there that this approach has the advantage of avoiding some of the counter-intuitive results mentioned above for spatial models involving the logistic model to describe growth [36,37].…”

Section: Analysis and Experiment: Consumer-resource Chemostat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This differs from the spatial logistic model studied earlier, in which the energy input at steady state is the product r(x)K(x), where r(x) and K(x) are separate variables. The model (21a,b), discretized as 12 patches in a one-dimensional row to facilitate analysis, was used by reference [36] in parallel with an experimental setup on yeast in which a growing yeast population could be manipulated to disperse. The purpose of the model and experiment was to examine the relationship between the size of a population and diffusing in a discretized version of this consumer-resource model with n patches in a one-dimensional line.…”

Section: Analysis and Experiment: Consumer-resource Chemostat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis was designed to evaluate two results that have come out of earlier analyses of the reaction-diffusion model with logistic growth. Zhang et al [36] did the analysis for two versions of (21a,b); Model 1 with η = 0 and m i = 0, and Model 2 with g i = 0. Two important results came out of the analysis of the consumer-resource model compared with the logistic model and were supported by the experiment.…”

Section: Analysis and Experiment: Consumer-resource Chemostat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carrying Capacity of a Population Diffusing in a Heterogeneous Environment

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Mathematics

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The carrying capacity of the environment for a population is one of the key concepts in ecology and it is incorporated in the growth term of reaction-diffusion equations describing populations in space. Analysis of reaction-diffusion models of populations in heterogeneous space have shown that, when the maximum growth rate and carrying capacity in a logistic growth function vary in space, conditions exist for which the total population size at equilibrium (i) exceeds the total population that which would occur in the absence of diffusion and (ii) exceeds that which would occur if the system were homogeneous and the total carrying capacity, computed as the integral over the local carrying capacities, was the same in the heterogeneous and homogeneous cases. We review here work over the past few years that has explained these apparently counter-intuitive results in terms of the way input of energy or another limiting resource (e.g., a nutrient) varies across the system. We report on both mathematical analysis and laboratory experiments confirming that total population size in a heterogeneous system with diffusion can exceed that in the system without diffusion. We further report, however, that when the resource of the population in question is explicitly modeled as a coupled variable, as in a reaction-diffusion chemostat model rather than a model with logistic growth, the total population in the heterogeneous system with diffusion cannot exceed the total population size in the corresponding homogeneous system in which the total carrying capacities are the same.

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“…Such experiments are, however, necessary to infer the relative importance of evolutionary dynamics relative to the direct impact of the spatial setting (the level of environmental heterogeneity, variation in patch sizes, distance between patches; here-after referred to as spatial forcing). For instance, local population sizes are determined by local carrying capacities in heterogeneous metapopulations when connectivity is low, but with increased connectivity metapopulation size will be larger than the sum of local carrying capacities [24]. The total metapopulation size will therefore be determined by spatial forcing and the joint evolution of dispersal and local adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance and adaptive value of life history evolution for metapopulation dynamics

Bonte

Bafort

2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The performance of populations is affected by environmental change and the resulting evolutionary dynamics. The spatial configuration and size of patches is known to directly influence metapopulation dynamics (spatial forcing). These metapopulation dynamics are also affecting and affected by life history evolution. Given the relevance of metapopulation persistence for biological conservation, and the potential rescuing role of evolution, a firm understanding of the relevance of these eco-evolutionary processes is essential.We here follow a system's modelling approach to disentangle the role of metapopulation structure relative to evolution for metapopulation performance. We developed an individual based systems model that is strongly based and parameterized by results from experimental metapopulations with spider mites. This model enables us to perform virtual translocation and invasion experiments that would have been impossible to conduct in our experimental systems.We show that (1) metapopulation demography is more affected by spatial forcing than by observed life history evolution, but that life history evolution contributes up to 20% of the variation in demographic measures related to spatiotemporal variance in population sizes, (2) metapopulation performance is not enhanced by evolution, and (3) evolution is optimising individual performance in metapopulations when considering the importance of so far overlooked stress resistance evolution.We thus provide evidence that metapopulation-level selection maximises individual performance and more importantly, that -at least in our system-evolutionary changes impact metapopulation dynamics, especially factors related to local and metapopulation sizes.

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Carrying capacity in a heterogeneous environment with habitat connectivity

Cited by 95 publications

References 29 publications

Dominant Fish and Macroinvertebrate Response to Flow Changes of the Geum River in Korea

Dominant Fish and Macroinvertebrate Response to Flow Changes of the Geum River in Korea

Carrying Capacity of a Population Diffusing in a Heterogeneous Environment

The importance and adaptive value of life history evolution for metapopulation dynamics

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