Carryover Potential of Pyrithiobac to Rotational Crops on a Mississippi Black Belt Region Clay Soil

Webster, Eric P.; Shaw, David R.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x0004584x

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The similar field persistence recorded in loam and clay loam soils is in agreement with the results of Johnson et al (1993), Jordan et al (1993b), and Webster and Shaw (1996). Furthermore, the increased field persistence of pyrithiobac with increasing application rate agrees with the results of Jordan et al (1993b) and Webster and Shaw (1996).…”

Section: Pyrithiobac Field Persistencesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Shorter persistence in wet and warm soils than in dry and cool soils was reported for other ALS-inhibiting herbicides (Hultgren et al 2002;James et al 1999). However, the similar pyrithiobac persistence when applied PRE and PPI in all soils is in contrast to the results of Webster and Shaw (1996), who found longer field persistence when pyrithiobac was applied PPI than PRE or POST.…”

Section: Pyrithiobac Field Persistencementioning

confidence: 62%

“…The half-life of pyrithiobac was 62 d under field conditions (Webster and Shaw 1997), which means that it can persist in soil for more than one growing season, particularly if applied at higher than the recommended application rates, and it may injure rotational crops such as grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Webster and Shaw 1996). However, pyrithiobac applied at the recommended dosage caused no injury to grain sorghum, soybean, corn, and rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Johnson et al 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity, adsorption, mobility, and field persistence of pyrithiobac in three soils

et al. 2005

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Petri dish bioassays, based on root response of corn grown in soil and perlite, were used to study the activity, adsorption, and leaching of pyrithiobac in a clay, loam, and a clay loam soils containing 2.3, 1.4, and 1.3% organic matter, respectively. Both bioassays indicated that activity of pyrithiobac (reduction of corn root length) increased with increasing herbicide concentration, but in a nonlinear manner, particularly at higher concentrations. Activity of pyrithiobac was similar in clay loam and loam soils, but was lower in clay soil. Adsorption distribution coefficients (K d) for the clay, loam, and clay loam soils were 0.56, 0.10, and 0.24, respectively. Pyrithiobac leached through all three soils, and biologically available herbicide was detected below 30 cm in all soils; however, the amount leached through the clay soil was lower than that leached through the other two soils. Field persistence of pyrithiobac applied preplant incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), or postemergence (POST) at 68, 102, or 136 g ha−1 was similar in loam and clay loam soils, but was more persistent in clay soil. Pyrithiobac applied POST in clay and loam soils was more persistent than that applied PPI or PRE; however, in clay soil field persistence of POST pyrithiobac was similar with that applied PPI or PRE. Biologically available residues were not detected in 0- to 10-cm soil depth 120 d after any herbicide treatment applied either PPI or PRE in all soils, but this was not the case for pyrithiobac applied POST in the loam soil. Adsorption of pyrithiobac was very low in all three soils, and this was the reason for its increased mobility even below 30-cm depth in all soils. The field persistence of pyrithiobac was generally less than one growing season. However, some pyrithiobac may have moved deeper in the soil and could be harmful to rotational crops after plowing or through capillary movement upward.

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Section: Pyrithiobac Field Persistencesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Pyrithiobac Field Persistencementioning

confidence: 62%

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confidence: 99%

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Activity, adsorption, mobility, and field persistence of pyrithiobac in three soils

et al. 2005

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“…Rafii and Ashton (1979) observed in a greenhouse trial that soybean treated with a 1/8×rate of fluridone had reduced shoot length and weight, severe chlorosis, and inhibition of trifoliate formation. Webster and Shaw (1996) also reported that pyrithiobac applied at 140 g ha −1 PPI reduced soybean yield the following year. Based on their results and the results of this experiment, it is likely that pyrithiobac would affect small-seeded broadleaf cover crop establishment in the fall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sensitivity and Likelihood of Residual Herbicide Carryover to Cover Crops

Palhano

Norsworthy²,

Barber

2018

Weed Technol

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Research was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of cover crops to a low rate of soil-applied herbicides and investigate the likelihood of herbicide carryover to fall-seeded cover crops following an irrigated corn crop. In the sensitivity study, herbicides were applied at a 1/16×rate (to simulate four half-lives) 1 d after cover crop planting, whereas for the carryover study residual herbicides were applied at a 2×rate at the maximum label corn height or growth stage and cover crops sown immediately after corn harvest. In the sensitivity experiment, atrazine, diuron, fluridone, fomesafen, metribuzin, pyrithiobac, and sulfentrazone reduced emergence of the leguminous cover crops Austrian winterpea, crimson clover, and hairy vetch. However, reduced biomass production of leguminous cover crops in the spring was only observed for atrazine, fluridone, and pyrithiobac. For rapeseed, atrazine, flumioxazin, fluridone, pyrithiobac, pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone, and tembotrione reduced emergence, but biomass production was reduced only by atrazine and fluridone. Conversely, wheat, cereal rye, barley, oats, and triticale were not affected by soil-applied herbicides. Barley was the only cereal cover crop that showed biomass reduction due to the application of flumioxazin, fluridone, mesotrione,S-metalochlor, and sulfentrazone. In the carryover study, with the exception of crimson clover, Austrian winterpea, cereal rye, hairy vetch, rapeseed, and wheat showed no negative affect on biomass production following a 2×rate of postemergence-applied residual herbicide in corn.

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“…É fracamente adsorvido pelos coloides do solo, apresentando coeficiente de partição (Kd) entre 0,22 e 0,59 L kg -1 , o que sugere que essa molécula pode mover-se facilmente no perfil do solo (Baskaran & Kennedy, 1999). A meia-vida do pyrithiobacsodium em campo é de 62 dias, e sua atividade residual no solo pode causar injúrias em culturas em sucessão, como soja, trigo e sorgo (Webster & Shaw, 1995). Problemas de carryover relacionados ao pyrithiobac-sodium têm sido observados em solos com elevados teores de argila e baixos valores de pH (Smith et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Persistência de trifloxysulfuron-sodium e pyrithiobac-sodium em diferentes tipos de solo

Guerra¹,

Oliveira

Constantin

et al. 2011

Planta daninha

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RESUMO -No Brasil, a maior parte dos cultivos de algodão encontra-se em regiões de cerrado dos Estados do Mato Grosso e Bahia, em áreas que naturalmente são constituídas de solos ácidos. Objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar a influência da acidez do solo sobre a persistência dos herbicidas trifloxysulfuron-sodium e pyrithiobac-sodium, utilizando um bioindicador como técnica de detecção. Foram conduzidos simultaneamente quatro experimentos: dois com o herbicida trifloxysulfuron-sodium (7,5 e 15 g ha -1 ) e dois com o pyrithiobac-sodium (70 e 140 g ha -1 ). Em todos os tratamentos foi utilizado delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (3x8+3). Os fatores estudados foram três tipos de solo (com níveis de pH 4,2, 4,9 e 5,5) e oito épocas de semeadura da espécie bioindicadora (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 e 210 DAA), além de três testemunhas sem aplicação do herbicida. A persistência do trifloxysulfuron-sodium na dose de 7,5 g ha -1 não foi influenciada pelos valores de pH. No entanto, na dose de 15 g ha -1 a maior persistência da atividade biológica foi verificada no solo com maior pH. Quando o pyrithiobac-sodium foi aplicado no solo com menor pH, nas doses de 70 e 140 g ha -1 , o tempo necessário foi maior para que ocorresse redução da persistência. Contudo, aos 210 DAA não foram observadas diferenças na persistência do pyrithiobac-sodium (70 g ha -1 ) entre diversos valores de pH. Todavia, na dose de 140 g ha -1 do pyrithiobac-sodium, o solo com maior pH apresentou a maior persistência desse herbicida.Palavras-chave: bioindicador, carryover, inibidores de ALS, pH do solo, residual de herbicidas.ABSTRACT -In Brazil, most of the areas planted with cotton are located in the cerrado regions of Mato Grosso and Bahia, in naturally acidic soil. The objective of this work was to study the influence of soil acidity on the persistence of trifloxysulfuron-sodium and pyrithiobac-sodium, using a bioindicator as detection technique. Four experiments were conducted simultaneously: two with trifloxysulfuron-sodium (7.5 and 15 g ha -1 ), and two with pyrithiobac-sodium (70 and 140 g ha -1 ), using a completely randomized design with four replications in a factorial scheme (3x8+3). Treatments were composed by three types of soil (at pH levels 4.2, 4.9 and 5.5), eight sowing dates for the bio-indicator (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 DAA), and three control treatments, without herbicide application. The persistence of trifloxysulfuron-sodium at doses of 7.5 g ha -1 was not influenced by the pH values. However, at a dose of 15 g ha -1 the highest increase in the persistence of biological activity was observed in soil with higher pH. When pyrithiobac-sodium was applied to the soil with lower pH, at doses of 70 and 140 g ha -1 , a longer time period was needed for persistence to reduce. But at 210 DAS there were no differences in the persistence of pyrithiobac-sodium (70 g ha -1 ) between the different pH values. However, at the dose of 140 g ha -1 of pyrithiobac-sodium, the s...

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Carryover Potential of Pyrithiobac to Rotational Crops on a Mississippi Black Belt Region Clay Soil

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Activity, adsorption, mobility, and field persistence of pyrithiobac in three soils

Activity, adsorption, mobility, and field persistence of pyrithiobac in three soils

Sensitivity and Likelihood of Residual Herbicide Carryover to Cover Crops

Persistência de trifloxysulfuron-sodium e pyrithiobac-sodium em diferentes tipos de solo

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