Cartoon planet: worlds of production and global production networks in the animation industry

Yoon, Hyejin; Malecki, Edward J.

doi:10.1093/icc/dtp040

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Both in Europe and globally, the spread of Cable television and the creation of specialized, 24-hour a day, cartoon channels TV in the 1980s, had profound effects on the animation industry (Yoon and Malecki, 2010). The European industry, which was largely set up for artisanal production and funded by national television stations, was poorly positioned to take advantage of these new opportunities.…”

Section: Cartoon and The Creation Of An European Animation Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Negotiating conventions and creating community: the case of Cartoon and European animation

Cole¹,

Barbera‐Tomás²

2014

Journal of Economic Geography

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Abstract.This article examines the processes of negotiation and institution building through which transnational networks of learning are fashioned. It does so by examining the case of the European animation industry and the activity of an association, Cartoon, which facilitated the development of common conventions supporting cooperation and learning in this industry. The case draws attention to how issues of institutional context can frustrate collaboration and limit the scope of learning; simultaneously, it illustrates interventions that permitted the negotiation between situated and context-specific understandings on the one hand and the development of shared understandings and common conventions for action within the industry on the other. In sum, the article sheds light on the institutional work required to mobilize situated forms of knowledge and the important bridging functions institutional entrepreneurs can play in this process.

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Section: Cartoon and The Creation Of An European Animation Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Negotiating conventions and creating community: the case of Cartoon and European animation

Cole¹,

Barbera‐Tomás²

2014

Journal of Economic Geography

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“…Rooster Teeth introduced merchandising to help offset costs, besides DVD sales, an increasingly popular revenue window in the motion picture industry in times when box office sales do not suffice to break even provided the production costs (Eliashberg et al, 2006;Wasko et al, 1993;Yoon and Malecki, 2009). Table 1 summarizes the activities undertaken by the firms in our sample during under-the-radar entry to the animation industry (phase one) and first opportunity recognition and commercialization strategies (phase two).…”

Section: -Shirt Just a White T-shirt With A Logo On It Would You Bementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industry analysts have commented that the low profitability of the Internet market, compared to their mainstream business, has meant that major studios have missed the opportunity to develop sustainable business models to serve online customers (Papies and Clement, 2008). This neglect may prove critical as the Internet is gaining in importance as an outlet for media content (Scott, 2004;Yoon and Malecki, 2009). Furthermore, it is till unknown whether theatrical and non-theatrical outlets substitute or complement each other (Eliashberg, et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motion picture industry can expect to see new entrants from the video game industry since both industries show similar characteristics and boundaries are blurring (Calantone, et al, 2010;Eliashberg, et al, 2006;Yoon and Malecki, 2009). The animation industry is probably the closest link to the video game industry, in that both share substantial talents (Aoyama and Izushi, 2003;Izushi and Aoyama, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Producing animated shorts is considered a point of entry for small studios that might later attract a growing audience. Being able to shift among markets means that these animation studios can eventually move into feature films, as AKOM demonstrated with The Simpsons (Yoon and Malecki, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link ABSTRACTWe inductively develop a model of the commercialization process for new products or services user entrepreneurs undertake when entering an industry while drawing on proprietary technology developed in another industry. Extending the growing field of user entrepreneurship, we identify a two-phase approach to industry entry by user entrepreneurs who start "under the radar" of incumbent firms, gain experience, attract a first potential customer base, and then, in a second phase, engage in commercialization. During this process, a community of fellow users is of major importance for the entrepreneur, serving as a knowledge pool for skills development and experimentation with different commercialization paths. We study a nascent group of firms founded by users of video games who became entrepreneurs on entering the animation industry by producing Machinima, a new film genre characterized by shooting film in video games. We explain how user entrepreneurs gain access to complementary assets (video games) for their new use (shooting film), how they deal with intellectual property issues when using other firms' assets, and how user entrepreneurs combine domain knowledge about film production with their experience in video games and the art of Machinima. Our propositions hold implications for management and policy.

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Local Trade Fairs as Temporary Clusters: A Case Study of the Suwa Area Industrial Messe

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Regional Innovation and Networks in Japan

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Cartoon planet: worlds of production and global production networks in the animation industry

Cited by 56 publications

References 48 publications

Negotiating conventions and creating community: the case of Cartoon and European animation

Negotiating conventions and creating community: the case of Cartoon and European animation

Under the radar: Industry entry by user entrepreneurs

Local Trade Fairs as Temporary Clusters: A Case Study of the Suwa Area Industrial Messe

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