Cas9, Cpf1 and C2c1/2/3―What's next?

Nakade, Shota; Yamamoto, Takashi; Sakuma, Tetsushi

doi:10.1080/21655979.2017.1282018

Cited by 86 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…So far, we have published many reviews regarding genome editing containing the newest information available at the time of each publication. For example, a general outline of this technology including historical background was reviewed in 2014, a more focused review on CRISPR‐Cas9 was published in 2015, and a comprehensive overview of transcription activator‐like effector (TALE) nuclease (TALEN) systems, updates on CRISPR tools, and recent advances on gene knock‐in systems were summarized in 2017. Within these reviews, we have introduced various achievements in technological development including our highly active variant of TALE/TALEN, named Platinum TALE/TALEN (Figure A) …”

Section: Genome Editing Reloaded: Attractive Derivatives Come Of Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of cancer science with genome editing and related technologies

Sakuma

Yamamoto

2018

Cancer Science

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Genome editing includes various edits of the genome, such as short insertions and deletions, substitutions, and chromosomal rearrangements including inversions, duplications, and translocations. These variations are based on single or multiple DNA double‐strand break (DSB)‐triggered in cellulo repair machineries. In addition to these “conventional” genome editing strategies, tools enabling customized, site‐specific recognition of particular nucleic acid sequences have been coming into wider use; for example, single base editing without DSB introduction, epigenome editing with recruitment of epigenetic modifiers, transcriptome engineering using RNA editing systems, and in vitro detection of specific DNA and RNA sequences. In this review, we provide a quick overview of the current state of genome editing and related technologies that multilaterally contribute to cancer science.

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Section: Genome Editing Reloaded: Attractive Derivatives Come Of Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of cancer science with genome editing and related technologies

Sakuma

Yamamoto

2018

Cancer Science

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“…Multiple crRNAs can be expressed as a single transcript to generate functional individual crRNAs after processing through Cpf1 nuclease. This can increase the efficiency of crRNA entry into cells[6, 20]. Cpf1 nuclease also generates a 5-bp staggered DNA double-strand break ends that are formed downstream of the PAM sequence, while Cas9 nuclease only formed a blunt-end cut 3 bp upstream of the PAM sequence[20, 21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can increase the efficiency of crRNA entry into cells[6, 20]. Cpf1 nuclease also generates a 5-bp staggered DNA double-strand break ends that are formed downstream of the PAM sequence, while Cas9 nuclease only formed a blunt-end cut 3 bp upstream of the PAM sequence[20, 21]. The unique editing features of the Cpf1 system, are conducive to overcoming the limitations of the Cas9 system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cpf1 mediated genome editing enhancesBombyx moriresistance to BmNPV

Dong

et al. 2020

Preprint

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18CRISPR/Cas12a (Cpf1) is a single RNA-guided endonuclease that provides new 19 opportunities for targeted genome engineering through the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Only 20 AsCpf1 have been developed for insect genome editing, and the novel Cas12a orthologs 21 nucleases and editing efficiency require more study in insect. We compared three 22 Cas12a orthologs nucleases, AsCpf1, FnCpf1, and LbCpf1, for their editing efficiencies 23 and antiviral abilities in vitro. The three Cpf1 efficiently edited the BmNPV genome 24 and inhibited BmNPV replication in BmN-SWU1 cells. The antiviral ability of the 25 FnCpf1 system was more efficient than the SpCas9 system after infection by BmNPV. 26 We created FnCpf1×gIE1 and SpCas9×sgIE1 transgenic hybrid lines and evaluated the 27 gene editing efficiency of different systems at the same target site. We improved the 28 antiviral ability using the FnCpf1 system in transgenic silkworm. This study 29 demonstrated use of the CRISPR/Cpf1 system to achieve high editing efficiencies in 30 the silkworm, and illustrates the use of this technology for increasing disease resistance. 31Genome editing is a powerful tool that has been widely used in gene function, gene 36 therapy, pest control, and disease-resistant engineering in most parts of pathogens 37 research. Since the establishment of CRISPR/Cas9, powerful strategies for antiviral 38 therapy of transgenic silkworm have emerged. Nevertheless, there is still room to 39 expand the scope of genome editing tool for further application to improve antiviral 40 research. Here, we demonstrate that three Cpf1 endonuclease can be used efficiency 41 editing BmNPV genome in vitro and in vivo for the first time. More importantly, this 42 Cpf1 system could improve the resistance of transgenic silkworms to BmNPV compare 43 with Cas9 system, and no significant cocoons difference was observed between 44 transgenic lines infected with BmNPV and control. These broaden the range of 45 application of CRISPR for novel genome editing methods in silkworm and also enable 46 sheds light on antiviral therapy.47 49 Genome editing introduces DNA mutations in the form of insertions, deletions or 50 base substitutions within selected DNA sequences [1]. Clustered regularly interspaced 51 short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing technology has been used in gene 52 function research, genetic improvement, modelling biology and gene therapy [2-5]. 53 Three effector proteins of class 2 type V CRISPR systems, the CRISPR/CRISPR-54 associated 12a (Cas12a, known as Cpf1) proteins of Lachnosperaceae bacterium 55 (LbCpf1), Francisella novicida (FnCpf1) and Acidaminoccocus sp. (AsCpf1), have 56 been shown to efficiently edit mammalian cell genomes with more efficient genome 57 editing than the widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) [6-8]. However, 58 the CRISPR/Cpf1 system was rarely used for insect genome editing research and 59 antiviral therapy [9].60 The silk industry (Bombyx mori, B. mori), suffers great economic losses due to B. 61 mori nucleopolyhedr...

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“…The PAM sequence of Cas9 derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9), which is the most commonly used Cas9, is 5′-NGG-3′. The specificity of the PAM sequence is different among species, and a few examples of artificial alteration of PAM specificity have been reported [39]. Thus, any sequence can be targeted by CRISPR-Cas9 (i.e., genespecific sgRNA and common Cas9 protein) except for the PAM restriction.…”

Section: The Framework Of Epigenome Editing Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer induction and suppression with transcriptional control and epigenome editing technologies

2017

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Cancer epigenetics is one of the most important research subjects in dissecting cancer mechanisms and therapeutic targets because the emergence and malignant transformation of various cancers are caused by unnatural expression of cancer-related genes attributed to their epigenetic errors. The original concept of cancer epigenetics basically stands on the analysis of the epigenetic status in naturally occurring cancer cells; however, the rapidly emerging technology called epigenome editing would change this situation drastically. Epigenome editing, the most promising derivative technology of genome editing, can modify the epigenetic states at the pre-defined genomic locus using the programmable effectors, consisting of various epigenetic factors combined with site-specific DNA-binding domains. This technology can be utilized in a reversible manner; i.e., cancer modeling can be achieved by introducing aberrant epigenetic marks in normal cells, and cancer suppression can be achieved by correcting the epigenetic errors in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the basics of epigenome editing and cancer epigenetics, followed by the current examples of cancer induction and suppression with the transcriptional control and epigenome editing technologies.

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Cas9, Cpf1 and C2c1/2/3―What's next?

Cited by 86 publications

References 69 publications

Acceleration of cancer science with genome editing and related technologies

Acceleration of cancer science with genome editing and related technologies

CRISPR/Cpf1 mediated genome editing enhancesBombyx moriresistance to BmNPV

Cancer induction and suppression with transcriptional control and epigenome editing technologies

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