CASCADE/INPE code system

Barashenkov, V.S.; Konobeev, A. Yu.; Korovin, Yu.A.; Sosnin, V. N.

doi:10.1007/bf02673263

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results of the CEM97 code are very similar to those of CEM95 (see a figure with CEM97 results in 26) ). Later on, we performed an extensive set of calculations of the same data with several more codes (HETC, 27) LAHET 11) with both ISABEL and Bertini options, CASCADE, 28) CAS-CADE/INPE, 29) INUCL, 30) and YIELDX 23) ) and got very similar results: 26) all codes disagree with the data in the deep spallation region, the disagreement increases as one moves away from the target, and all calculated curves are shifted in the heavy-mass direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of the Cascade-Exciton Model of Nuclear Reactions

Mashnik

Sierk

2002

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent developments of the Cascade-Exciton Model (CEM) of nuclear reactions are described. The improved cascade-exciton model as implemented in the code CEM97 differs from the CEM95 version by incorporating new approximations for the elementary cross sections used in the cascade, using more precise values for nuclear masses and pairing energies, using corrected systematics for the level-density parameters, and several other refinements. We have improved algorithms used in many subroutines, decreasing the computing time by up to a factor of 6 for heavy targets. We describe a number of further improvements and changes to CEM97, motivated by new data on isotope production measured at GSI. This leads us to CEM2k, a new version of the CEM code. CEM2k has a longer cascade stage, less preequilibrium emission, and evaporation from more highly excited compound nuclei compared to earlier versions. CEM2k also has other improvements and allows us to better model neutron, radionuclide, and gas production in ATW spallation targets. The increased accuracy and predictive power of the code CEM2k are shown by several examples. Further necessary work is outlined.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of the Cascade-Exciton Model of Nuclear Reactions

Mashnik

Sierk

2002

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, we mention that different versions of our CEM and LAQGSM codes are incorporated wholly as event-generators, or in part in different transport codes used in applications, among them CASCADE [66], MARS [67], MCNPX [68] GEANT4 [69], SHIELD [70], RTS&T [71], SONET [72], CALOR [73], HETC-3STEP [74], CASCADE/INPE [75], HADRON [76], CASCADO [77], CAMO [78] and others. Thus our codes are automatically employed in various nuclear applications where these transport codes are used.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

CEM03 and LAQGSM03—new modeling tools for nuclear applications

Mashnik

Sierk

Gudima

et al. 2006

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. An improved version of the Cascade-Exciton Model (CEM) of nuclear reactions realized in the code CEM2k and the Los Alamos version of the Quark-Gluon String Model (LAQGSM) have been developed recently at LANL to describe reactions induced by particles and nuclei for a number of applications. Our CEM2k and LAQGSM merged with the GEM2 evaporation/fission code by Furihata have predictive powers comparable to other modern codes and describe many reactions better than other codes; therefore both our codes can be used as reliable event generators in transport codes for applications. During the last year, we have made a significant improvements to the intranuclear cascade parts of CEM2k and LAQGSM, and have extended LAQGSM to describe photonuclear reactions at energies to 10 GeV and higher. We have produced in this way improved versions of our codes, CEM03.01 and LAQGSM03.01. For special studies, we have also merged our two codes with the GEMINI code by Charity and with the SMM code of Botvina. We present a brief description of our codes and show illustrative results obtained with CEM03.01 and LAQGSM03.01 for different reactions compared with predictions by other models, as well as examples of using our codes as modeling tools for nuclear applications. IntroductionFollowing an increased interest in nuclear data for such projects as the Accelerator Transmutation of nuclear Wastes (ATW), Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT), Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA), Proton Radiography (PRAD) as a radiographic probe for the Advanced Hydro-test Facility and others, for several years the US Department of Energy has supported our work on the development of improved versions of the Cascade-Exciton Model (CEM) of nuclear reactions [1, 2, 3] and the Los Alamos version of the Quark-Gluon String Model (LAQGSM) [4] to describe reactions induced by particles and nuclei at energies up to about 1 TeV/nucleon. To describe fission and production of light fragments heavier than 4 He, we have merged both our codes with several evaporation/fission/fragmentation models, including the Generalized Evaporation/fission Model code GEM2 by Furihata [5]. Our codes perform as well as and often better than other current models in describing a large variety of spallation, fission, and fragmentation reactions, therefore they are used as event-generators in several transport codes. The status of our codes as of the middle of 2004 together with illustrative results and comparisons with other models can be found in [6,7,8] and references therein. Here, we present several improvements developed during the last year leading to the new versions of our codes, CEM03.01 and LAQGSM03.01 [3,9].

show abstract

“…Parts of different versions of the CEM, LAQGSM, or QGSM codes are used in many other standalone codes, like PICA95 [43], PICA3 [44], CASCADO [45], CAMO [46], MCFX [47], ECM [48], and NUCLEUS [49]. Different versions of CEM and LAQGSM, or of the older QGSM, are incorporated wholly, or in part in many transport codes used in a variety of applications, like CASCADE [50], MARS [51], MCNPX [52] GEANT4 [53,54], SHIELD [55], RTS&T [56], SONET [57], CALOR [58], HETC-3STEP [59], CASCADE/INPE [60], HADRON [61], CASCADE-2004 [62], and others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CTOF measurements and Monte Carlo analyses of neutron spectra for the backward direction from a lead target irradiated with 200–1000 MeV protons

Azhgirey¹,

Belyakov-Bodin²,

Degtyarev³

et al. 2010

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A description of the IntraNuclear Cascade (INC), preequilibrium, evaporation, fission, coalescence, and Fermi breakup models used by the latest versions of our CEM03.03 and LAQGSM03.03 event generators is presented, with a focus on our most recent developments of these models. The recently developed "S" and "G" versions of our codes, that consider multifragmentation of nuclei formed after the preequilibrium stage of reactions when their excitation energy is above 2A MeV using the Statistical Multifragmentation Model (SMM) code by Botvina et al. ("S" stands for SMM) and the fission-like binary-decay model GEMINI by Charity ("G" stands for GEMINI), respectively, are briefly described as well. Examples of benchmarking our models against a large variety of experimental data on particle-particle, particle-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus reactions are presented. Open questions on reaction mechanisms and future necessary work are outlined.

show abstract

CASCADE/INPE code system

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Recent Developments of the Cascade-Exciton Model of Nuclear Reactions

Recent Developments of the Cascade-Exciton Model of Nuclear Reactions

CEM03 and LAQGSM03—new modeling tools for nuclear applications

CTOF measurements and Monte Carlo analyses of neutron spectra for the backward direction from a lead target irradiated with 200–1000 MeV protons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About