Case 192: Lithium-induced Nephropathy

Wu, Judy Y.; Wadhwa, Nandita

doi:10.1148/radiol.13111801

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…Nephrotoxicity can be observed after 2 months of lithium treatment, and lithium can also lead to diabetes insipidus [76]. A recent review reported that a safe long-term treatment dose of lithium is up to 0.8 mmol/L [77], and it has also been reported that lithium treatment of 40 nmol in humans for 15 months did not present any problems in kidney nor thyroid dysfunction [78], which indicates that this dose may be an appropriate limit for human treatment.…”

Section: + /K + -Atpases and Their Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

P2C-Type ATPases and Their Regulation

2015

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P2C-type ATPases are a subfamily of P-type ATPases comprising Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and H(+)/K(+)-ATPase. Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is ubiquitously expressed and has been implicated in several neurological diseases, whereas H(+)/K(+)-ATPase is found principally in the colon, stomach, and kidney. Both ATPases have two subunits, α and β, but Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase also has a regulatory subunit called FXYD, which has an important role in cancer. The most important functions of these ATPases are homeostasis, potassium regulation, and maintaining a gradient in different cell types, like epithelial cells. Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase has become a center of attention ever since it was proposed that it might play a crucial role in neurological disorders such as bipolar disorder, mania, depression, familial hemiplegic migraine, rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism, chronic stress, epileptogenesis, and Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, it has been reported that lithium could have a neuroprotective effect against ouabain, which is the best known Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, but and high concentrations of lithium could affect negatively H(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity, that has a key role in regulating acidosis and potassium deficiencies. Finally, potassium homeostasis regulation is composed of two main mechanisms, extrarenal and renal. Extrarenal mechanism controls plasma levels, shifting potassium from the extracellular to the intracellular, whereas renal mechanism concerns with body balance and is influenced by potassium intake and its urinary excretion. In this article, we discuss the functions, isoforms, and localization of P2C-type ATPases, describe some of their modulators, and discuss their implications in some diseases.

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Section: + /K + -Atpases and Their Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

P2C-Type ATPases and Their Regulation

2015

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Lithium

2013

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Lithium-Induced Nephropathy

Desbuquoit

Snoeckx

Corthouts

et al. 2015

Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology

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Background:A 59-year-old man was referred for CT scan of the abdomen after repair of an eventrated appendectomy wound. The man had a known history of bipolar affective disorder, for which he had been on lithium therapy for many years. As an incidental finding, CT scan showed numerous small hypodense renal lesions. Subsequently a MRI examination was performed to further characterize these renal abnormalities.

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Case 192: Lithium-induced Nephropathy

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

P2C-Type ATPases and Their Regulation

P2C-Type ATPases and Their Regulation

Lithium

Lithium-Induced Nephropathy

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