Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Clinical Mastitis in Postpartum Dairy Heifers

Waage, S.; Ødegaard, S. A.; Lund, Arve; Brattgjerd, S.; Rothe, Thomás

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74489-x

Cited by 63 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In particular, the number of CD8 + T cell decreased at week 1 in the PID cows. This observation was similar to that of a previous result reporting lower peripheral CD8 + T cells in the first 50 days after delivery [21]. CD8 + T cells have been demonstrated to increase over time in postpartal women, and there is also an increase in cytotoxic activity in early postpartal term [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Ohtsuka

Koiwa

Fukuda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To clarify the cellular immune system in dairy cows with inflammatory diseases after calving, the leukocyte subsets were examined in Holstein dairy cows. Twenty Holstein cows reared in one herd, were used in this study. Nine cows (Group 1) experie nced onset of mastitis or puerperal fever within 2 weeks after calving, and the other eleven cows remained healthy (Group 2) after calving. The numbers of CD3 + , CD4 + and CD8 + cells tended to be lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 from the day of calving through week 1. These results suggested that the cows with inflammatory diseases might have experienced a decline in T cells by the day of calving, before the onset of disease. KEY WORDS: calving, dairy cow, leukocyte subset, periparturient inflammatory disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Many cases of PID occur within the first 2 weeks after calving [21]. It has been suggested that depression of leukocyte function during the periparturient period contributes to the susceptibility to infectious diseases in dairy cows, but the leading factors causing immune suppression have not been fully investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Ohtsuka

Koiwa

Fukuda

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Heifer mastitis is considered as a condition which is discrete from mastitis in older cows and has a different presentation (Valde et al 2004) and distinctive features (Waage et al 2001;Alekish and Kenyon 2006;Compton and McDougall 2008;Godden et al 2008;De Vliegher et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between the somatic cell count and isolated microorganisms during subclinical mastitis in heifers in Jordan

Alekish¹

2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:Mastitis is an important cause of early culling of dairy heifers. The aims of this study were to identify microorganisms that cause subclinical mastitis (SCM) in Holstein heifers in northern Jordan, to estimate the relative importance of various microorganisms, and to examine the correlation between the somatic cell count (SCC) and the isolated microorganisms. Composite milk samples were collected aseptically from 133 Holstein heifers between Days 5 and 14 postpartum for bacterial culture and somatic cell counts. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in this study was 57.1%. Seventy six (76) of the 133 cows tested had SCC of > 250 000 cells/ml. Bacteria were isolated from 36 (27.1%) cows. About sixty six percent (66.7%) of these isolates were cultured from cows with subclinical mastitis. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) were the most prevalent bacteria among isolates (50%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22.2%), Corynebacterium bovis and coliforms (E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) (5.6% each), and Streptococcus uberis (2.8%). Interestingly, the majority of the negativeculture samples (53.6%) had elevated SCC. All isolates except for the CNS group exhibited strongly elevated SCC (> 1 × 10 6 cells/ml). However, the coagulase-negative Staphylococci did not have a distinct pattern with respect to SCCs. There was a strong correlation (P ≤ 0.05, correlation coefficient 0.213) between the results of bacterial culture (culture-positive vs. culture-negative) and SCC class but not between SCC class and the type of isolated bacteria. It is concluded that subclinical mastitis appears to be a significant health issue for dairy heifers in Jordan.

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“…Such a choice is recommended [55] and carried out for genetic studies [23,42,43,52,53,60,67,70,80]. According to the same approach, the expression of this dichotomous response is sometimes limited to a subperiod of the lactation: from 7 days before calving to 7 days after calving [66], the 5 first days after calving [19], the first 14 days [73,82], the first 30 days [7,20,74], the first 60 days [6], the first 100 days [18], or even a calendar year instead of the lactation [79]. The International dairy Federation recommends considering the 30 days before calving for primiparous animals [50].…”

Section: Solutions For Within Lactation Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This takes a potential overdispersion into account [75]. This is also possible through a case-control survey, by pairing a CMAST case with a within herd control, to use a single lactation per animal and define a dichotomous response for the lactation in order to minimise the different dependence problems [82]. But when using these methods, the numbers of analysed statistical units are sharply decreased and consequently it is not reasonable to accurately evaluate the studied factors.…”

Section: At the Lactation Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical modelling for clinical mastitis in the dairy cow: problems and solutions

Gasqui¹,

Barnouin²

2003

Vet. Res.

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-Modelling case occurrence and risk factors for clinical mastitis, as a key multifactorial disease in the dairy cow, requires statistical models. The type of model used depends on the choice of perception or the study level: herd, lactation, animal, udder and quarter. The validity of the tests that are performed through these models is especially ensured when hypotheses of independence between statistical units are respected, and when the model adjustments do not involve overdispersion faced with the observed data. In the article, the main sources of overdispersion are identified according to the different levels of perception of mastitis risk. Then, the proposed solutions to control for overdispersion at each study level are discussed and the difficulty to compare the study results is highlighted through a variety of methodological choices of the authors. Two main categories of models are used for modelling clinical mastitis, i.e. generalist exploratory models and explanatory designed models. The contribution of the explanatory models to improve modelling accuracy and relevance is documented through the two main published methodological approaches, the first one being based on a states model, and the second on a survival model. The integration and optimisation of such explanatory modelling methods should be possible in the future in order to develop a more global explanatory model including herd risk factors, which could pertinently predict udder infections (both clinical and subclinical) at the cow, lactation, or even udder and quarter levels.clinical mastitis / dairy cow / epidemiology / modelling / overdispersion

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Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Clinical Mastitis in Postpartum Dairy Heifers

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

The association between the somatic cell count and isolated microorganisms during subclinical mastitis in heifers in Jordan

Statistical modelling for clinical mastitis in the dairy cow: problems and solutions

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