Case-control vaccine effectiveness studies: Preparation, design, and enrollment of cases and controls

Verani, Jennifer R.; Baqui, Abdullah H; Broome, Claire V.; Cherian, Thomas; Cohen, Cheryl; Farrar, Jennifer L.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Groome, Michelle; Hajjeh, Rana; Johnson, Hope L.; Madhi, Shabir А.; Mulholland, Kim; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish; Rodrigues, Laura C.; Santosham, Mathuram; Scott, John A.; Smith, P. G.; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Victor, John C.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Zaidi, Anita K. M.; Zell, Elizabeth R.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.04.037

Cited by 93 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…a particular dog breed) within the population at risk of becoming a case (i.e. individuals who are free of the disease in question) [3–5]. Correct control selection is crucial to the internal validity of case–control studies [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breed susceptibility for common surgically treated orthopaedic diseases in 12 dog breeds

et al. 2019

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Background A retrospective case–control study was conducted to estimate breed predisposition for common orthopaedic conditions in 12 popular dog breeds in Norway and Sweden. Orthopaedic conditions investigated were elbow dysplasia (ED); cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD); medial patellar luxation (MPL); and fractures of the radius and ulna. Dogs surgically treated for the conditions above at the Swedish and Norwegian University Animal Hospitals between the years 2011 and 2015 were compared with a geographically adjusted control group calculated from the national ID-registries. Logistic regression analyses (stratified for clinic and combined) were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Mixed breed dogs were used as reference. Results Breeds found at-risk for ED were the Labrador retriever (OR = 5.73), the Rottweiler (OR = 5.63), the German shepherd dog (OR = 3.31) and the Staffordshire bull terrier (OR = 3.08). The Chihuahua was the only breed where an increased risk for MPL (OR = 2.80) was identified. While the Rottweiler was the only breed predisposed for CCLD (OR = 3.96), the results were conflicting for the Labrador retriever (OR = 0.44 in Sweden, 2.85 in Norway); the overall risk was identical to mixed-breed dogs. Conclusions Most results are in concordance with earlier studies. However, an increased risk of CCLD was not identified for the Labrador retriever, the Staffordshire bull terrier was found to have an increased risk of ED and some country-specific differences were noted. These results highlight the importance of utilising large caseloads and appropriate control groups when breed susceptibility is reported. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13028-019-0454-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breed susceptibility for common surgically treated orthopaedic diseases in 12 dog breeds

et al. 2019

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“…The vaccine effectiveness and duration of vaccine-acquired immunity of contemporary wP vaccine used in ASEAN populations is unknown. Therefore, observational studies, such as nested case-control studies, should be performed in ASEAN (Verani et al, 2017a;Verani et al, 2017b). Improvement of pharmocovigilance infrastructures and activities to monitor the adverse effects and address the potential safety issues associated with wP vaccines in particular should also be considered (Dellepiane and Pagliusi, 2019).…”

Section: Surveillance and Epidemiologic Research Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations: epidemiology and challenges

Thisyakorn

Tantawichien

Thisyakorn

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Pertussis is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis. Infants and young children are particularly at risk of severe and life-threatening disease. Infectious older individuals may transmit Bordetella pertussis to unprotected infants. Pertussis control measures have even failed in some countries with high pertussis vaccination coverage rates, leading to increased incidence rates. In 2014, this caused the World Health Organization to declare pertussis resurgent in some countries and led to recommendations regarding pertussis surveillance and national immunization programs. Despite the resurgence of pertussis, epidemiology of the disease in Southeast Asia has received little attention. In this narrative review, we describe pertussis surveillance systems, control measures, epidemiologic trends, and region-specific pertussis research in Southeast Asia. We also make recommendations for the intensification of pertussis surveillance and research in the region.

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“…Immune cells or white blood cells fight and protect the body from these invaders. Immune cells are also called lymphocytes and mainly consist of B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes and macrophages [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Factors Associated with Vaccine Hesitancy in Makkah, KSA

Albarakati¹,

Almatrafi²,

Fatta³

et al. 2019

WJV

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Introduction: Vaccination provides health and economic benefits to the individual and to society. In Saudi Arabia, public support for immunisation programmes is generally high and well received. However, the benefits of vaccines are often not fully known or appreciated. When public discussion on vaccine safety, quality or efficacy occurs, very often misinformation creeps into the debate through the internet and other media sources, significantly weakening immunisation programmes. Vaccine hesitancy is a concept frequently used in the discourse around vaccine acceptance. This study reflects on the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy, through a study focusing on knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among parents of young children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in seven primary schools in Makkah city, Saud Arabia. Data were collected in 2017 through a computer based-survey administered to 100 parents with children aged between 2 months and 17 years of age. Questionnaire responses were analysed using Minitab. Results: Many parents (with a total of 292 children) agreed on the importance of vaccinations, to protect their children's health and to prevent the spread of diseases in the community. Most parents (68.7%, P < 0.05) reported their child had received all recommended vaccines. Approximately one third (31.3%, P < 0.05) of parents indicated their hesitation in having their child vaccinated. The lack of vaccines in primary care centres, fear of adverse events and vaccine safety were the reasons most frequently mentioned by these vaccine-hesitant parents. In addition, some parents believed vaccines had become a business and that profits were more important than their children's safety. Other parents complained about the increasingly "crowded" vaccination schedules. A minority of parents believe that vaccines did not prevent the spread of disease in the community (P < 0.05). Discussion and Conclusions: Vaccine hesitancy is a common problem in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Further research will be needed to better understand when, how and why these beliefs are formed.

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Case-control vaccine effectiveness studies: Preparation, design, and enrollment of cases and controls

Cited by 93 publications

References 74 publications

Breed susceptibility for common surgically treated orthopaedic diseases in 12 dog breeds

Breed susceptibility for common surgically treated orthopaedic diseases in 12 dog breeds

Pertussis in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations: epidemiology and challenges

Investigating Factors Associated with Vaccine Hesitancy in Makkah, KSA

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