Case of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccine

Hasan, Tanveer; Khan, Mustafizur; Khan, Farhin; Hamza, Ghanim

doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-243629

Cited by 92 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Janssen COVID-19 vaccination fact sheet was recently updated by the Food and Drug Administration to include a warning about Guillain-Barré Syndrome associated with its vaccine [16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Guillain-barré Syndrome Deve-lopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Guillain-Barré Syndrome is believed to be triggered by an antecedent infection1,6 such as a viral infection (especially infl uenza, COVID-19, and Zika virus) [5][6][7][8][9][10], a gastrointestinal-related infection, bacterial infection such as Campylobacter jejuni [11][12][13], food poisoning, or from a reaction to a vaccine [14]. Approximately 9-11% of cases result in severe disability or death [12,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary

Byers¹

2021

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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uillain-Barré Syndrome is a life-threatening, demyelinating, autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the myelin of the peripheral nervous system. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is characterized by ascending motor weakness and acute flaccid paralysis. Demyelination results in nerve inflammation, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, structural damage to the myelin sheath, and possible respiratory system complications. The annual incidence rate is 1.1 to 1.8 per 100,000 persons worldwide. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is thought to be triggered by an antecedent infection such as a viral, gastrointestinal, or bacterial infection, food poisoning, or reaction to a vaccine. Approximately 9-11% of cases result in severe disability or death. The acute phase can vary in length from a few days to several months, although over 90% of patients begin rehabilitation within four weeks. Patient care involves a team of neurologists, physiatrist, internist, nurses, physical, occupational, and speech therapists, social worker, psychologist and family physician. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, symmetrical muscle weakness, the rate and order at which symptoms appear, and the absence or prolonged latency of reflexes are hallmarks for diagnosing Guillain-Barré Syndrome. A lumbar puncture to test for protein levels in the brain and spinal cord, and nerve conduction velocity test may aid in proper diagnosis, critical for optimizing treatment options and minimizing further progression. Although there is no cure, treatment may consist of plasmapheresis, typically performed four times during hospitalization, or intravenous immunoglobulin. Intravenous immunoglobulin combined with plasmapheresis should be avoided. Although glucocorticoids could repair damage to the blood-nerve barrier, oral corticosteroids could delay recovery.

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Section: Guillain-barré Syndrome Deve-lopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary

Byers¹

2021

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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“…Since marketing authorization, cases of NA, FP/BP and GBS were reported with COVID-19 vaccines [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. A recent pharmacovigilance study in VigiBase, the World Health Organization's (WHO) global database of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) found that the reporting frequency of FP/BP with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was similar to that with other viral vaccines [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reporting of Acute Inflammatory Neuropathies with COVID-19 Vaccines: Subgroup Disproportionality Analyses in VigiBase

et al. 2021

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Since marketing authorization, cases of neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), facial paralysis/Bell’s palsy (FP/BP), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were reported with COVID-19 vaccines of different technologies. This study aimed to assess whether NA, FP/BP, and GBS were more frequently reported in VigiBase with COVID-19 vaccines (of any technologies) than with other viral vaccines, over the full database and across potential risk groups by sex and age. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used as the measure of disproportionality and subgroup disproportionality analyses were performed by sex and age. Out of 808,906 safety reports with COVID-19 vaccines, 57 (0.01%) reported NA, 3320 (0.4%) FP/BP, and 632 (0.1%) GBS. There were not signals of disproportionate reporting for NA and GBS with COVID-19 vaccines against other viral vaccines. FP/BP was disproportionately more frequently reported with COVID-19 vaccines than with other viral vaccines over the full database (ROR 1.12, 95%CI 1.07–1.17), in males (ROR 1.65, 95%CI 1.54–1.78) and in age subgroups 65–74 years (ROR 1.21, 95%CI 1.05–1.39) and ≥75 years (ROR 1.84, 95%CI 1.52–2.22). Albeit not proving causation, these findings might support clinicians in decision-making for patients potentially at risk for developing an acute inflammatory neuropathy with COVID-19 vaccines.

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“…Similarly, several transverse myelitis cases and other complications arising from COVID-19 vaccination, including thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS), have been reported on CDC and FDA Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) [12][13][14][15][16]. The FDA VAERS system has reported 45 cases of transverse myelitis as of 27 April 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute inflammatory Transverse Myelitis post Pfizer-BioNTech-COVID-19 vaccine in 16-year-old

Albokhari

Alsawas

Adnan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in China in early March 2019. Saudi Food and Drug Authorityapproved the registration of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia on December 10, 2020 and on May 10, 2021, Pfizer-BioNTech was given an authorized emergency use in 12 to 15 years old children. Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Health started Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination for 12 to 18 years old on June 27, 2021. Here we have a case of 16-year-old female admitted to the medical ward diagnosed with acute inflammatory transverse myelitis after two weeks from second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The diagnosis was based on normal laboratory workup but significant radiological findings. She was discharged after a full recovery.There are multiple cases of post-vaccine acute inflammatory transverse myelitisshared by medical journals, but due to lack of literature review for the teenager population, we think our case may be the first case of acute inflammatory transverse myelitis following second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in this population.

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Case of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccine

Cited by 92 publications

References 23 publications

Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary

Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary

Reporting of Acute Inflammatory Neuropathies with COVID-19 Vaccines: Subgroup Disproportionality Analyses in VigiBase

Acute inflammatory Transverse Myelitis post Pfizer-BioNTech-COVID-19 vaccine in 16-year-old

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