Case of keratitis caused by Streptomyces thermocarboxydus

Kawakami, Hideaki; Inuzuka, Hiroko; Mochizuki, Kiyofumi; Muto, T; Ohkusu, Kiyofumi; Yaguchi, Takashi; Yamagishi, Yuka; Mikamo, Hiroshige

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2013.11.001

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Other infections in which other species are implicated are S. cacaoi (scalp abscess, otitis media [ 29 , 30 ], S. thermovulgaris bacteremia in Crohn’s disease patient. [ 31 ], S. bikiniensis in bacteremia [ 32 ], and S. thermocarboxidicus in keratitis [ 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptomyces and other unusual Actinobacteria clinical isolates in Spain

Sáez-Nieto

Carrasco

Pino-Rosa

et al. 2021

New Microbes and New Infections

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Two hundred and eighty-six isolates from human clinical samples were identified between 1996 and 2019 as belonging to 8 families, 19 genera and 88 species of Actinobacteria . The most identified genera were Streptomyces (182 strains from 45 species), Actinomadura (29 strains, 5 species), Nocardiopsis (21 strains, 6 species) and Dietzia (18 strains, 5 species). The rest of the identified genera (15) contained 27 species with 36 isolates. Of the species studied, only 13/88 had been documented previously as isolates from clinical samples, and in some cases, as true pathogens. In this sense, a literature review of the species found in infections or in clinical samples without clear involvement in pathology has been carried out. Finally, the susceptibility to 8 antimicrobial agents has been studied. Streptomyces showed high resistance (80.8%) against cefotaxime and cotrimoxazole (55.5%), and no isolate resistance to amikacin and linezolid have been found. Lower percentages of resistance have been found in other genera, except in Dietzia (100% against cotrimoxazole and 44.4% against erythromycin). The greatest resistance in these genera was to cotrimoxazole (29.8) and erythromycin (27,9%), and no resistance to linezolid has been found in these genera. In Microbispora, Nonomuraea and Umezawaea , no resistant isolates have been found against any antibiotic studied. Only 3/104 isolates were resistant to amikacin in Amycolatopsis , Crossiella , and Micromonosopora. One isolate of Amycolatopsis was resistant to imipenem.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptomyces and other unusual Actinobacteria clinical isolates in Spain

Sáez-Nieto

Carrasco

Pino-Rosa

et al. 2021

New Microbes and New Infections

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“…Most of the strains in our study were isolated from patients suffering from chronic respiratory disease (59.5%), although it is not clear whether they were the cause of the disease, represented a secondary bacterial infection, or they were common colonizers of the human body. Although 17 different phylotypes were identified among the clinical Streptomyces in our study, only 3 of them have been reported as causative organisms of human diseases before: S. albus and S. thermoviolaceus in pulmonary infections 27 , 50 , 52 , S. albus as a causative agent of mycetoma 33 and S. thermocarboxydus in keratitis 53 . A recent study 14 identified 6 other phylotypes identical to those presented in our study ( S. albidoflavus , S. rutgersensis , S. rochei , S. drozdowiczii , S. xylanilyticus and S. carpaticus ), but their clinical relevance is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Evaluation and comparison of antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Streptomyces spp. from clinical specimens revealed common and region-dependent resistance patterns

Kotrbová

Lara-Rodriguez

Corretto

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Notwithstanding the fact that streptomycetes are overlooked in clinical laboratories, studies describing their occurrence in disease and potential pathogenicity are emerging. Information on their species diversity in clinical specimens, aetiology and appropriate therapeutic treatment is scarce. We identified and evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility profile of 84 Streptomyces clinical isolates from the Czech Republic. In the absence of appropriate disk diffusion (DD) breakpoints for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) of Streptomyces spp., we determined DD breakpoints by correlation with the broth microdilution method and by the distribution of zone diameters among isolates. Correlation accuracy was high for 9 antibiotics, leading to the establishment of the most valid DD breakpoints for Streptomyces antibiotic susceptibility evaluation so far. Clinical strains belonged to 17 different phylotypes dominated by a cluster of strains sharing the same percentage of 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with more than one species (S. albidoflavus group, S. hydrogenans, S. resistomycificus, S. griseochromogenes; 70% of isolates). AST results showed that Streptomyces exhibited intrinsic resistance to penicillin, general susceptibility to amikacin, gentamycin, vancomycin and linezolid, and high percentage of susceptibility to tetracyclines and clarithromycin. For the remaining antibiotics, AST showed inter- and intra-species variations when compared to available literature (erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), indicating a region-dependent rather than species-specific patterns.

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“…Streptomyces spp. are considered rare corneal pathogens in humans and veterinary species, and characteristic clinical histories and ophthalmic examination findings are not established 8–10 . It has been suggested that Streptomyces spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are likely underreported as pathogens because they are slowing‐growing in culture and may be misinterpreted as contaminants or commensal organisms 30 . Information from the limited published reports of Streptomyces keratitis in human patients suggests that this infection may be difficult to treat and can be refractory to topical beta‐lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotic therapy 8 . Streptomyces spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nocardia and Streptomyces keratitis in dogs: In vivo detection of filamentous bacteria by confocal microscopy

Ledbetter

Schlesener

Demeter

2023

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective: To describe the clinical features of dogs with Nocardia and Streptomyces keratitis, including the results of in vivo confocal microscopy examinations. Animal studied: A 15-year-old, male-castrated, miniature Schnauzer was presented with a multilobulated, cystic, pink, ulcerated corneal mass with surrounding dense leukocyte infiltrates. Cytologic evaluation of a corneal scraping identified pyogranulomatous inflammation and filamentous bacteria. Nocardia nova was cultured from corneal samples. Anterior lamellar keratectomy was performed to excise the affected corneal region and histopathologic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of pyogranulomatous keratitis. A 10-year-old, malecastrated, Yorkshire terrier was presented for evaluation of a chronic anterior stromal corneal ulcer associated with a brown corneal plaque. Cytologic evaluation of a corneal scraping identified suppurative inflammation and filamentous bacteria. A Streptomyces sp. was cultured from corneal samples. The keratitis in both dogs resolved with therapy. Procedures: In vivo confocal microscopy examination of the corneal lesions in both dogs revealed dense accumulations of leukocytes and clusters of hyperreflective, slender, branching bacterial structures that were approximately 1.5-2.0 μm in diameter and 25-50 μm in length. Confocal microscopy imaging of the Nocardia isolate in vitro, and ex vivo canine corneas experimentally infected with the bacteria, was performed to corroborate the in vivo findings. The morphology of the filamentous bacteria was similar between the in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo confocal microscopy examinations. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Nocardia and Streptomyces spp. can be associated with infectious keratitis in dogs. In vivo detection of filamentous bacteria in the cornea can be accomplished by confocal microscopy.

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Case of keratitis caused by Streptomyces thermocarboxydus

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptomyces and other unusual Actinobacteria clinical isolates in Spain

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptomyces and other unusual Actinobacteria clinical isolates in Spain

Evaluation and comparison of antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Streptomyces spp. from clinical specimens revealed common and region-dependent resistance patterns

Nocardia and Streptomyces keratitis in dogs: In vivo detection of filamentous bacteria by confocal microscopy

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